1D Magnetic Materials of Fe(3)O(4) and Fe with High Performance of Microwave Absorption Fabricated by Electrospinning Method

Fe(3)O(4) and Fe nanowires are successfully fabricated by electrospinning method and reduction process. Wiry microstructures were achieved with the phase transformation from α-Fe(2)O(3) to Fe(3)O(4) and Fe by partial and full reduction, while still preserving the wire morphology. The diameters of the Fe(3)O(4) and Fe nanowires are approximately 50–60 nm and 30–40 nm, respectively. The investigation of microwave absorption reveals that the Fe(3)O(4) nanowires exhibit excellent microwave absorbing properties. For paraffin-based composite containing 50% weight concentration of Fe(3)O(4) nanowires, the minimum reflection loss reaches −17.2 dB at 6.2 GHz with the matching thickness of 5.5 mm. Furthermore, the calculation shows that the modulus of the ratio between the complex permittivity and permeability |ε/μ| is far away from unity at the minimum reflection loss point, which is quite different from the traditional opinions.