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Microbial diversity and community structure across environmental gradients in Bransfield Strait, Western Antarctic Peninsula

The Southern Ocean is currently subject to intense investigations, mainly related to its importance for global biogeochemical cycles and its alarming rate of warming in response to climate change. Microbes play an essential role in the functioning of this ecosystem and are the main drivers of the bi...

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Autores principales: Signori, Camila N., Thomas, François, Enrich-Prast, Alex, Pollery, Ricardo C. G., Sievert, Stefan M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4267279/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25566198
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00647
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author Signori, Camila N.
Thomas, François
Enrich-Prast, Alex
Pollery, Ricardo C. G.
Sievert, Stefan M.
author_facet Signori, Camila N.
Thomas, François
Enrich-Prast, Alex
Pollery, Ricardo C. G.
Sievert, Stefan M.
author_sort Signori, Camila N.
collection PubMed
description The Southern Ocean is currently subject to intense investigations, mainly related to its importance for global biogeochemical cycles and its alarming rate of warming in response to climate change. Microbes play an essential role in the functioning of this ecosystem and are the main drivers of the biogeochemical cycling of elements. Yet, the diversity and abundance of microorganisms in this system remain poorly studied, in particular with regards to changes along environmental gradients. Here, we used amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene tags using primers covering both Bacteria and Archaea to assess the composition and diversity of the microbial communities from four sampling depths (surface, the maximum and minimum of the oxygen concentration, and near the seafloor) at 10 oceanographic stations located in Bransfield Strait [northwest of the Antarctic Peninsula (AP)] and near the sea ice edge (north of the AP). Samples collected near the seafloor and at the oxygen minimum exhibited a higher diversity than those from the surface and oxygen maximum for both bacterial and archaeal communities. The main taxonomic groups identified below 100 m were Thaumarchaeota, Euryarchaeota and Proteobacteria (Gamma-, Delta-, Beta-, and Alphaproteobacteria), whereas in the mixed layer above 100 m Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria (mainly Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria) were found to be dominant. A combination of environmental factors seems to influence the microbial community composition. Our results help to understand how the dynamic seascape of the Southern Ocean shapes the microbial community composition and set a baseline for upcoming studies to evaluate the response of this ecosystem to future changes.
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spelling pubmed-42672792015-01-06 Microbial diversity and community structure across environmental gradients in Bransfield Strait, Western Antarctic Peninsula Signori, Camila N. Thomas, François Enrich-Prast, Alex Pollery, Ricardo C. G. Sievert, Stefan M. Front Microbiol Microbiology The Southern Ocean is currently subject to intense investigations, mainly related to its importance for global biogeochemical cycles and its alarming rate of warming in response to climate change. Microbes play an essential role in the functioning of this ecosystem and are the main drivers of the biogeochemical cycling of elements. Yet, the diversity and abundance of microorganisms in this system remain poorly studied, in particular with regards to changes along environmental gradients. Here, we used amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene tags using primers covering both Bacteria and Archaea to assess the composition and diversity of the microbial communities from four sampling depths (surface, the maximum and minimum of the oxygen concentration, and near the seafloor) at 10 oceanographic stations located in Bransfield Strait [northwest of the Antarctic Peninsula (AP)] and near the sea ice edge (north of the AP). Samples collected near the seafloor and at the oxygen minimum exhibited a higher diversity than those from the surface and oxygen maximum for both bacterial and archaeal communities. The main taxonomic groups identified below 100 m were Thaumarchaeota, Euryarchaeota and Proteobacteria (Gamma-, Delta-, Beta-, and Alphaproteobacteria), whereas in the mixed layer above 100 m Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria (mainly Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria) were found to be dominant. A combination of environmental factors seems to influence the microbial community composition. Our results help to understand how the dynamic seascape of the Southern Ocean shapes the microbial community composition and set a baseline for upcoming studies to evaluate the response of this ecosystem to future changes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-12-16 /pmc/articles/PMC4267279/ /pubmed/25566198 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00647 Text en Copyright © 2014 Signori, Thomas, Enrich-Prast, Pollery and Sievert. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Signori, Camila N.
Thomas, François
Enrich-Prast, Alex
Pollery, Ricardo C. G.
Sievert, Stefan M.
Microbial diversity and community structure across environmental gradients in Bransfield Strait, Western Antarctic Peninsula
title Microbial diversity and community structure across environmental gradients in Bransfield Strait, Western Antarctic Peninsula
title_full Microbial diversity and community structure across environmental gradients in Bransfield Strait, Western Antarctic Peninsula
title_fullStr Microbial diversity and community structure across environmental gradients in Bransfield Strait, Western Antarctic Peninsula
title_full_unstemmed Microbial diversity and community structure across environmental gradients in Bransfield Strait, Western Antarctic Peninsula
title_short Microbial diversity and community structure across environmental gradients in Bransfield Strait, Western Antarctic Peninsula
title_sort microbial diversity and community structure across environmental gradients in bransfield strait, western antarctic peninsula
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4267279/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25566198
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00647
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