Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 antibody encephalitis: A case report

OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (LGI1) antibody–associated encephalitis. METHODS: The clinical and ancillary data and brain MRIs were gathered retrospectively by chart review. Relevant literature on similar cases was also reviewed. RESULTS: The diagnosis of LGI1 antibody–associated autoimmune encephalitis was based on the typical clinical presentation of seizures, psychiatric symptoms, and memory loss as well as negative diagnostic testing for cancer; the diagnosis was confirmed by positive LGI1 antibody. The patient responded favorably to treatment with IV immunoglobulin and continues to do well. CONCLUSION: LGI1 antibody–associated encephalitis has increasingly been recognized as a primary autoimmune disorder with good prognosis and response to treatment.