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Seasonal changes in the body size of two rotifer species living in activated sludge follow the Temperature-Size Rule
Temperature-Size Rule (TSR) is a phenotypic body size response of ectotherms to changing temperature. It is known from the laboratory studies, but seasonal patterns in the field were not studied so far. We examined the body size changes in time of rotifers inhabiting activated sludge. We hypothesize...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4278820/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25558362 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1292 |
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author | Kiełbasa, Anna Walczyńska, Aleksandra Fiałkowska, Edyta Pajdak-Stós, Agnieszka Kozłowski, Jan |
author_facet | Kiełbasa, Anna Walczyńska, Aleksandra Fiałkowska, Edyta Pajdak-Stós, Agnieszka Kozłowski, Jan |
author_sort | Kiełbasa, Anna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Temperature-Size Rule (TSR) is a phenotypic body size response of ectotherms to changing temperature. It is known from the laboratory studies, but seasonal patterns in the field were not studied so far. We examined the body size changes in time of rotifers inhabiting activated sludge. We hypothesize that temperature is the most influencing parameter in sludge environment, leading sludge rotifers to seasonally change their body size according to TSR, and that oxygen content also induces the size response. The presence of TSR in Lecane inermis rotifer was tested in a laboratory study with two temperature and two food-type treatments. The effect of interaction between temperature and food was significant; L. inermis followed TSR in one food type only. The seasonal variability in the body sizes of the rotifers L. inermis and Cephalodella gracilis was estimated by monthly sampling and analyzed by multiple regression, in relation to the sludge parameters selected as the most influential by multivariate analysis, and predicted to alter rotifer body size (temperature and oxygen). L. inermis varied significantly in size throughout the year, and this variability is explained by temperature as predicted by the TSR, but not by oxygen availability. C. gracilis also varied in size, though this variability was explained by both temperature and oxygen. We suggest that sludge age acts as a mortality factor in activated sludge. It may have a seasonal effect on the body size of L. inermis and modify a possible effect of oxygen. Activated sludge habitat is driven by both biological processes and human regulation, yet its resident organisms follow general evolutionary rule as they do in other biological systems. The interspecific response patterns differ, revealing the importance of taking species-specific properties into account. Our findings are applicable to sludge properties enhancement through optimizing the conditions for its biological component. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4278820 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42788202015-01-02 Seasonal changes in the body size of two rotifer species living in activated sludge follow the Temperature-Size Rule Kiełbasa, Anna Walczyńska, Aleksandra Fiałkowska, Edyta Pajdak-Stós, Agnieszka Kozłowski, Jan Ecol Evol Original Research Temperature-Size Rule (TSR) is a phenotypic body size response of ectotherms to changing temperature. It is known from the laboratory studies, but seasonal patterns in the field were not studied so far. We examined the body size changes in time of rotifers inhabiting activated sludge. We hypothesize that temperature is the most influencing parameter in sludge environment, leading sludge rotifers to seasonally change their body size according to TSR, and that oxygen content also induces the size response. The presence of TSR in Lecane inermis rotifer was tested in a laboratory study with two temperature and two food-type treatments. The effect of interaction between temperature and food was significant; L. inermis followed TSR in one food type only. The seasonal variability in the body sizes of the rotifers L. inermis and Cephalodella gracilis was estimated by monthly sampling and analyzed by multiple regression, in relation to the sludge parameters selected as the most influential by multivariate analysis, and predicted to alter rotifer body size (temperature and oxygen). L. inermis varied significantly in size throughout the year, and this variability is explained by temperature as predicted by the TSR, but not by oxygen availability. C. gracilis also varied in size, though this variability was explained by both temperature and oxygen. We suggest that sludge age acts as a mortality factor in activated sludge. It may have a seasonal effect on the body size of L. inermis and modify a possible effect of oxygen. Activated sludge habitat is driven by both biological processes and human regulation, yet its resident organisms follow general evolutionary rule as they do in other biological systems. The interspecific response patterns differ, revealing the importance of taking species-specific properties into account. Our findings are applicable to sludge properties enhancement through optimizing the conditions for its biological component. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2014-12 2014-12-02 /pmc/articles/PMC4278820/ /pubmed/25558362 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1292 Text en © 2014 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Kiełbasa, Anna Walczyńska, Aleksandra Fiałkowska, Edyta Pajdak-Stós, Agnieszka Kozłowski, Jan Seasonal changes in the body size of two rotifer species living in activated sludge follow the Temperature-Size Rule |
title | Seasonal changes in the body size of two rotifer species living in activated sludge follow the Temperature-Size Rule |
title_full | Seasonal changes in the body size of two rotifer species living in activated sludge follow the Temperature-Size Rule |
title_fullStr | Seasonal changes in the body size of two rotifer species living in activated sludge follow the Temperature-Size Rule |
title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal changes in the body size of two rotifer species living in activated sludge follow the Temperature-Size Rule |
title_short | Seasonal changes in the body size of two rotifer species living in activated sludge follow the Temperature-Size Rule |
title_sort | seasonal changes in the body size of two rotifer species living in activated sludge follow the temperature-size rule |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4278820/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25558362 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1292 |
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