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Climate change and fishing: a century of shifting distribution in North Sea cod
Globally, spatial distributions of fish stocks are shifting but although the role of climate change in range shifts is increasingly appreciated, little remains known of the likely additional impact that high levels of fishing pressure might have on distribution. For North Sea cod, we show for the fi...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BlackWell Publishing Ltd
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4282283/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24375860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12513 |
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author | Engelhard, Georg H Righton, David A Pinnegar, John K |
author_facet | Engelhard, Georg H Righton, David A Pinnegar, John K |
author_sort | Engelhard, Georg H |
collection | PubMed |
description | Globally, spatial distributions of fish stocks are shifting but although the role of climate change in range shifts is increasingly appreciated, little remains known of the likely additional impact that high levels of fishing pressure might have on distribution. For North Sea cod, we show for the first time and in great spatial detail how the stock has shifted its distribution over the past 100 years. We digitized extensive historical fisheries data from paper charts in UK government archives and combined these with contemporary data to a time-series spanning 1913–2012 (excluding both World Wars). New analysis of old data revealed that the current distribution pattern of cod – mostly in the deeper, northern- and north-easternmost parts of the North Sea – is almost opposite to that during most of the Twentieth Century – mainly concentrated in the west, off England and Scotland. Statistical analysis revealed that the deepening, northward shift is likely attributable to warming; however, the eastward shift is best explained by fishing pressure, suggestive of significant depletion of the stock from its previous stronghold, off the coasts of England and Scotland. These spatial patterns were confirmed for the most recent 3½ decades by data from fisheries-independent surveys, which go back to the 1970s. Our results demonstrate the fundamental importance of both climate change and fishing pressure for our understanding of changing distributions of commercially exploited fish. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4282283 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BlackWell Publishing Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42822832015-01-15 Climate change and fishing: a century of shifting distribution in North Sea cod Engelhard, Georg H Righton, David A Pinnegar, John K Glob Chang Biol Primary Research Articles Globally, spatial distributions of fish stocks are shifting but although the role of climate change in range shifts is increasingly appreciated, little remains known of the likely additional impact that high levels of fishing pressure might have on distribution. For North Sea cod, we show for the first time and in great spatial detail how the stock has shifted its distribution over the past 100 years. We digitized extensive historical fisheries data from paper charts in UK government archives and combined these with contemporary data to a time-series spanning 1913–2012 (excluding both World Wars). New analysis of old data revealed that the current distribution pattern of cod – mostly in the deeper, northern- and north-easternmost parts of the North Sea – is almost opposite to that during most of the Twentieth Century – mainly concentrated in the west, off England and Scotland. Statistical analysis revealed that the deepening, northward shift is likely attributable to warming; however, the eastward shift is best explained by fishing pressure, suggestive of significant depletion of the stock from its previous stronghold, off the coasts of England and Scotland. These spatial patterns were confirmed for the most recent 3½ decades by data from fisheries-independent surveys, which go back to the 1970s. Our results demonstrate the fundamental importance of both climate change and fishing pressure for our understanding of changing distributions of commercially exploited fish. BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2014-08 2014-05-02 /pmc/articles/PMC4282283/ /pubmed/24375860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12513 Text en © 2013 Crown copyright. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This article is published with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen's Printer for Scotland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. |
spellingShingle | Primary Research Articles Engelhard, Georg H Righton, David A Pinnegar, John K Climate change and fishing: a century of shifting distribution in North Sea cod |
title | Climate change and fishing: a century of shifting distribution in North Sea cod |
title_full | Climate change and fishing: a century of shifting distribution in North Sea cod |
title_fullStr | Climate change and fishing: a century of shifting distribution in North Sea cod |
title_full_unstemmed | Climate change and fishing: a century of shifting distribution in North Sea cod |
title_short | Climate change and fishing: a century of shifting distribution in North Sea cod |
title_sort | climate change and fishing: a century of shifting distribution in north sea cod |
topic | Primary Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4282283/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24375860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12513 |
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