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Mechanics and spiral formation in the rat cornea
During the maturation of some mammals such as mice and rats, corneal epithelial cells tend to develop into patterns such as spirals over time. A better understanding of these patterns can help to understand how the organ develops and may give insight into some of the diseases affecting corneal devel...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4282706/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24897951 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10237-014-0592-6 |
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author | Mohammad Nejad, T. Iannaccone, S. Rutherford, W. Iannaccone, P. M. Foster, C. D. |
author_facet | Mohammad Nejad, T. Iannaccone, S. Rutherford, W. Iannaccone, P. M. Foster, C. D. |
author_sort | Mohammad Nejad, T. |
collection | PubMed |
description | During the maturation of some mammals such as mice and rats, corneal epithelial cells tend to develop into patterns such as spirals over time. A better understanding of these patterns can help to understand how the organ develops and may give insight into some of the diseases affecting corneal development. In this paper, a framework for explaining the development of the epithelial cells forming spiral patterns due to the effect of tensile and shear strains is proposed. Using chimeric animals, made by combining embryonic cells from genetically distinguishable strains, we can observe the development of patterns in the cornea. Aggregates of cell progeny from one strain or the other called patches form as organs and tissue develop. The boundaries of these patches are fitted with logarithmic spirals on confocal images of adult rat corneas. To compare with observed patterns, we develop a three-dimensional large strain finite element model for the rat cornea under intraocular pressure to examine the strain distribution on the cornea surface. The model includes the effects of oriented and dispersed fibrils families throughout the cornea and a nearly incompressible matrix. Tracing the directions of critical strain vectors on the cornea surface leads to spiral-like curves that are compared to the observed logarithmic spirals. Good agreement between the observed and numerical curves supports the proposed assumption that shear and tensile strains facilitate sliding of epithelial cells to develop spiral patterns. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4282706 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42827062015-01-08 Mechanics and spiral formation in the rat cornea Mohammad Nejad, T. Iannaccone, S. Rutherford, W. Iannaccone, P. M. Foster, C. D. Biomech Model Mechanobiol Original Paper During the maturation of some mammals such as mice and rats, corneal epithelial cells tend to develop into patterns such as spirals over time. A better understanding of these patterns can help to understand how the organ develops and may give insight into some of the diseases affecting corneal development. In this paper, a framework for explaining the development of the epithelial cells forming spiral patterns due to the effect of tensile and shear strains is proposed. Using chimeric animals, made by combining embryonic cells from genetically distinguishable strains, we can observe the development of patterns in the cornea. Aggregates of cell progeny from one strain or the other called patches form as organs and tissue develop. The boundaries of these patches are fitted with logarithmic spirals on confocal images of adult rat corneas. To compare with observed patterns, we develop a three-dimensional large strain finite element model for the rat cornea under intraocular pressure to examine the strain distribution on the cornea surface. The model includes the effects of oriented and dispersed fibrils families throughout the cornea and a nearly incompressible matrix. Tracing the directions of critical strain vectors on the cornea surface leads to spiral-like curves that are compared to the observed logarithmic spirals. Good agreement between the observed and numerical curves supports the proposed assumption that shear and tensile strains facilitate sliding of epithelial cells to develop spiral patterns. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2014-06-05 2015 /pmc/articles/PMC4282706/ /pubmed/24897951 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10237-014-0592-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2014 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Original Paper Mohammad Nejad, T. Iannaccone, S. Rutherford, W. Iannaccone, P. M. Foster, C. D. Mechanics and spiral formation in the rat cornea |
title | Mechanics and spiral formation in the rat cornea |
title_full | Mechanics and spiral formation in the rat cornea |
title_fullStr | Mechanics and spiral formation in the rat cornea |
title_full_unstemmed | Mechanics and spiral formation in the rat cornea |
title_short | Mechanics and spiral formation in the rat cornea |
title_sort | mechanics and spiral formation in the rat cornea |
topic | Original Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4282706/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24897951 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10237-014-0592-6 |
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