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Ecology and Physiology of the Pathogenic Cyanobacterium Roseofilum reptotaenium

Roseofilum reptotaenium is a gliding, filamentous, phycoerythrin-rich cyanobacterium that has been found only in the horizontally migrating, pathogenic microbial mat, black band disease (BBD) on Caribbean corals. R. reptotaenium dominates the BBD mat in terms of biomass and motility, and the filamen...

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Autores principales: Richardson, Laurie L., Stanić, Dina, May, Amanda, Brownell, Abigael, Gantar, Miroslav, Campagna, Shawn R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4284477/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25517133
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life4040968
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author Richardson, Laurie L.
Stanić, Dina
May, Amanda
Brownell, Abigael
Gantar, Miroslav
Campagna, Shawn R.
author_facet Richardson, Laurie L.
Stanić, Dina
May, Amanda
Brownell, Abigael
Gantar, Miroslav
Campagna, Shawn R.
author_sort Richardson, Laurie L.
collection PubMed
description Roseofilum reptotaenium is a gliding, filamentous, phycoerythrin-rich cyanobacterium that has been found only in the horizontally migrating, pathogenic microbial mat, black band disease (BBD) on Caribbean corals. R. reptotaenium dominates the BBD mat in terms of biomass and motility, and the filaments form the mat fabric. This cyanobacterium produces the cyanotoxin microcystin, predominately MC-LR, and can tolerate high levels of sulfide produced by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) that are also associated with BBD. Laboratory cultures of R. reptotaenium infect coral fragments, suggesting that the cyanobacterium is the primary pathogen of BBD, but since this species cannot grow axenically and Koch’s Postulates cannot be fulfilled, it cannot be proposed as a primary pathogen. However, R. reptotaenium does play several major pathogenic roles in this polymicrobial disease. Here, we provide an overview of the ecology of this coral pathogen and present new information on R. reptotaenium ecophysiology, including roles in the infection process, chemotactic and other motility responses, and the effect of pH on growth and motility. Additionally, we show, using metabolomics, that exposure of the BBD microbial community to the cyanotoxin MC-LR affects community metabolite profiles, in particular those associated with nucleic acid biosynthesis.
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spelling pubmed-42844772015-01-21 Ecology and Physiology of the Pathogenic Cyanobacterium Roseofilum reptotaenium Richardson, Laurie L. Stanić, Dina May, Amanda Brownell, Abigael Gantar, Miroslav Campagna, Shawn R. Life (Basel) Article Roseofilum reptotaenium is a gliding, filamentous, phycoerythrin-rich cyanobacterium that has been found only in the horizontally migrating, pathogenic microbial mat, black band disease (BBD) on Caribbean corals. R. reptotaenium dominates the BBD mat in terms of biomass and motility, and the filaments form the mat fabric. This cyanobacterium produces the cyanotoxin microcystin, predominately MC-LR, and can tolerate high levels of sulfide produced by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) that are also associated with BBD. Laboratory cultures of R. reptotaenium infect coral fragments, suggesting that the cyanobacterium is the primary pathogen of BBD, but since this species cannot grow axenically and Koch’s Postulates cannot be fulfilled, it cannot be proposed as a primary pathogen. However, R. reptotaenium does play several major pathogenic roles in this polymicrobial disease. Here, we provide an overview of the ecology of this coral pathogen and present new information on R. reptotaenium ecophysiology, including roles in the infection process, chemotactic and other motility responses, and the effect of pH on growth and motility. Additionally, we show, using metabolomics, that exposure of the BBD microbial community to the cyanotoxin MC-LR affects community metabolite profiles, in particular those associated with nucleic acid biosynthesis. MDPI 2014-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4284477/ /pubmed/25517133 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life4040968 Text en © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Richardson, Laurie L.
Stanić, Dina
May, Amanda
Brownell, Abigael
Gantar, Miroslav
Campagna, Shawn R.
Ecology and Physiology of the Pathogenic Cyanobacterium Roseofilum reptotaenium
title Ecology and Physiology of the Pathogenic Cyanobacterium Roseofilum reptotaenium
title_full Ecology and Physiology of the Pathogenic Cyanobacterium Roseofilum reptotaenium
title_fullStr Ecology and Physiology of the Pathogenic Cyanobacterium Roseofilum reptotaenium
title_full_unstemmed Ecology and Physiology of the Pathogenic Cyanobacterium Roseofilum reptotaenium
title_short Ecology and Physiology of the Pathogenic Cyanobacterium Roseofilum reptotaenium
title_sort ecology and physiology of the pathogenic cyanobacterium roseofilum reptotaenium
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4284477/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25517133
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life4040968
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