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Epidemiology and Individual, Household and Geographical Risk Factors of Podoconiosis in Ethiopia: Results from the First Nationwide Mapping
Although podoconiosis is one of the major causes of tropical lymphoedema and is endemic in Ethiopia its epidemiology and risk factors are poorly understood. Individual-level data for 129,959 individuals from 1,315 communities in 659 woreda (districts) were collected for a nationwide integrated surve...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4288951/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25404069 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.14-0446 |
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author | Deribe, Kebede Brooker, Simon J. Pullan, Rachel L. Sime, Heven Gebretsadik, Abeba Assefa, Ashenafi Kebede, Amha Hailu, Asrat Rebollo, Maria P. Shafi, Oumer Bockarie, Moses J. Aseffa, Abraham Reithinger, Richard Cano, Jorge Enquselassie, Fikre Newport, Melanie J. Davey, Gail |
author_facet | Deribe, Kebede Brooker, Simon J. Pullan, Rachel L. Sime, Heven Gebretsadik, Abeba Assefa, Ashenafi Kebede, Amha Hailu, Asrat Rebollo, Maria P. Shafi, Oumer Bockarie, Moses J. Aseffa, Abraham Reithinger, Richard Cano, Jorge Enquselassie, Fikre Newport, Melanie J. Davey, Gail |
author_sort | Deribe, Kebede |
collection | PubMed |
description | Although podoconiosis is one of the major causes of tropical lymphoedema and is endemic in Ethiopia its epidemiology and risk factors are poorly understood. Individual-level data for 129,959 individuals from 1,315 communities in 659 woreda (districts) were collected for a nationwide integrated survey of lymphatic filariasis and podoconiosis. Blood samples were tested for circulating Wuchereria bancrofti antigen using immunochromatographic card tests. A clinical algorithm was used to reach a diagnosis of podoconiosis by excluding other potential causes of lymphoedema of the lower limb. Bayesian multilevel models were used to identify individual and environmental risk factors. Overall, 8,110 of 129,959 (6.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.1–6.4%) surveyed individuals were identified with lymphoedema of the lower limb, of whom 5,253 (4.0%, 95% CI 3.9–4.1%) were confirmed to be podoconiosis cases. In multivariable analysis, being female, older, unmarried, washing the feet less frequently than daily, and being semiskilled or unemployed were significantly associated with increased risk of podoconiosis. Attending formal education and living in a house with a covered floor were associated with decreased risk of podoconiosis. Podoconiosis exhibits marked geographical variation across Ethiopia, with variation in risk associated with variation in rainfall, enhanced vegetation index, and altitude. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4288951 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42889512015-01-10 Epidemiology and Individual, Household and Geographical Risk Factors of Podoconiosis in Ethiopia: Results from the First Nationwide Mapping Deribe, Kebede Brooker, Simon J. Pullan, Rachel L. Sime, Heven Gebretsadik, Abeba Assefa, Ashenafi Kebede, Amha Hailu, Asrat Rebollo, Maria P. Shafi, Oumer Bockarie, Moses J. Aseffa, Abraham Reithinger, Richard Cano, Jorge Enquselassie, Fikre Newport, Melanie J. Davey, Gail Am J Trop Med Hyg Articles Although podoconiosis is one of the major causes of tropical lymphoedema and is endemic in Ethiopia its epidemiology and risk factors are poorly understood. Individual-level data for 129,959 individuals from 1,315 communities in 659 woreda (districts) were collected for a nationwide integrated survey of lymphatic filariasis and podoconiosis. Blood samples were tested for circulating Wuchereria bancrofti antigen using immunochromatographic card tests. A clinical algorithm was used to reach a diagnosis of podoconiosis by excluding other potential causes of lymphoedema of the lower limb. Bayesian multilevel models were used to identify individual and environmental risk factors. Overall, 8,110 of 129,959 (6.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.1–6.4%) surveyed individuals were identified with lymphoedema of the lower limb, of whom 5,253 (4.0%, 95% CI 3.9–4.1%) were confirmed to be podoconiosis cases. In multivariable analysis, being female, older, unmarried, washing the feet less frequently than daily, and being semiskilled or unemployed were significantly associated with increased risk of podoconiosis. Attending formal education and living in a house with a covered floor were associated with decreased risk of podoconiosis. Podoconiosis exhibits marked geographical variation across Ethiopia, with variation in risk associated with variation in rainfall, enhanced vegetation index, and altitude. The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2015-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC4288951/ /pubmed/25404069 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.14-0446 Text en ©The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Articles Deribe, Kebede Brooker, Simon J. Pullan, Rachel L. Sime, Heven Gebretsadik, Abeba Assefa, Ashenafi Kebede, Amha Hailu, Asrat Rebollo, Maria P. Shafi, Oumer Bockarie, Moses J. Aseffa, Abraham Reithinger, Richard Cano, Jorge Enquselassie, Fikre Newport, Melanie J. Davey, Gail Epidemiology and Individual, Household and Geographical Risk Factors of Podoconiosis in Ethiopia: Results from the First Nationwide Mapping |
title | Epidemiology and Individual, Household and Geographical Risk Factors of Podoconiosis in Ethiopia: Results from the First Nationwide Mapping |
title_full | Epidemiology and Individual, Household and Geographical Risk Factors of Podoconiosis in Ethiopia: Results from the First Nationwide Mapping |
title_fullStr | Epidemiology and Individual, Household and Geographical Risk Factors of Podoconiosis in Ethiopia: Results from the First Nationwide Mapping |
title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology and Individual, Household and Geographical Risk Factors of Podoconiosis in Ethiopia: Results from the First Nationwide Mapping |
title_short | Epidemiology and Individual, Household and Geographical Risk Factors of Podoconiosis in Ethiopia: Results from the First Nationwide Mapping |
title_sort | epidemiology and individual, household and geographical risk factors of podoconiosis in ethiopia: results from the first nationwide mapping |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4288951/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25404069 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.14-0446 |
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