Cargando…
Focal Necrosis and Disturbed Myelination in the White Matter of Newborn Infants: A Tale of Too Much or Too Little Oxygen
White matter disease in preterm infants comes along with focal destructions or with diffuse myelination disturbance. Recent experimental work with transgenic mice paves the way for a unifying molecular model for both types of brain injury, placing oxygen sensing by oligodendrocyte precursor cells (O...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2015
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4290546/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25629025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2014.00143 |
_version_ | 1782352260322295808 |
---|---|
author | Wellmann, Sven Bührer, Christoph Schmitz, Thomas |
author_facet | Wellmann, Sven Bührer, Christoph Schmitz, Thomas |
author_sort | Wellmann, Sven |
collection | PubMed |
description | White matter disease in preterm infants comes along with focal destructions or with diffuse myelination disturbance. Recent experimental work with transgenic mice paves the way for a unifying molecular model for both types of brain injury, placing oxygen sensing by oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) at the center stage. Mice genetically altered to mimic high local oxygen tension in oligodendroglia lineage cells (via deletion of hypoxia-inducible factor, HIF) develop white matter disease resembling cystic periventricular leukomalacia within the first 7 days of life. Mice in which local hypoxia is mimicked in oligodendroglial cells (via genetic inhibition of HIF decay) display arrested OPC maturation and subsequent hypomyelination, reminiscent of the diffuse white matter disease observed in preterm infants and infants with congenital heart disease. These recent experimental findings on oxygen sensing and myelination are awaiting integration into a clinical framework. Gene regulation in response to hyperoxia or hypoxia, rather than oxidative stress, may be an important mechanism underlying neonatal white matter disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4290546 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42905462015-01-27 Focal Necrosis and Disturbed Myelination in the White Matter of Newborn Infants: A Tale of Too Much or Too Little Oxygen Wellmann, Sven Bührer, Christoph Schmitz, Thomas Front Pediatr Pediatrics White matter disease in preterm infants comes along with focal destructions or with diffuse myelination disturbance. Recent experimental work with transgenic mice paves the way for a unifying molecular model for both types of brain injury, placing oxygen sensing by oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) at the center stage. Mice genetically altered to mimic high local oxygen tension in oligodendroglia lineage cells (via deletion of hypoxia-inducible factor, HIF) develop white matter disease resembling cystic periventricular leukomalacia within the first 7 days of life. Mice in which local hypoxia is mimicked in oligodendroglial cells (via genetic inhibition of HIF decay) display arrested OPC maturation and subsequent hypomyelination, reminiscent of the diffuse white matter disease observed in preterm infants and infants with congenital heart disease. These recent experimental findings on oxygen sensing and myelination are awaiting integration into a clinical framework. Gene regulation in response to hyperoxia or hypoxia, rather than oxidative stress, may be an important mechanism underlying neonatal white matter disease. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4290546/ /pubmed/25629025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2014.00143 Text en Copyright © 2015 Wellmann, Bührer and Schmitz. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Pediatrics Wellmann, Sven Bührer, Christoph Schmitz, Thomas Focal Necrosis and Disturbed Myelination in the White Matter of Newborn Infants: A Tale of Too Much or Too Little Oxygen |
title | Focal Necrosis and Disturbed Myelination in the White Matter of Newborn Infants: A Tale of Too Much or Too Little Oxygen |
title_full | Focal Necrosis and Disturbed Myelination in the White Matter of Newborn Infants: A Tale of Too Much or Too Little Oxygen |
title_fullStr | Focal Necrosis and Disturbed Myelination in the White Matter of Newborn Infants: A Tale of Too Much or Too Little Oxygen |
title_full_unstemmed | Focal Necrosis and Disturbed Myelination in the White Matter of Newborn Infants: A Tale of Too Much or Too Little Oxygen |
title_short | Focal Necrosis and Disturbed Myelination in the White Matter of Newborn Infants: A Tale of Too Much or Too Little Oxygen |
title_sort | focal necrosis and disturbed myelination in the white matter of newborn infants: a tale of too much or too little oxygen |
topic | Pediatrics |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4290546/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25629025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2014.00143 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT wellmannsven focalnecrosisanddisturbedmyelinationinthewhitematterofnewborninfantsataleoftoomuchortoolittleoxygen AT buhrerchristoph focalnecrosisanddisturbedmyelinationinthewhitematterofnewborninfantsataleoftoomuchortoolittleoxygen AT schmitzthomas focalnecrosisanddisturbedmyelinationinthewhitematterofnewborninfantsataleoftoomuchortoolittleoxygen |