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The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes
In this study, we compared the microbial communities colonising ancient cave wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes exhibiting signs of biodeterioration. Ten samples were collected from five different caves built during different time periods and analysed using culture-independent and culture-dependen...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4291566/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25583346 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07752 |
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author | Ma, Yantian Zhang, He Du, Ye Tian, Tian Xiang, Ting Liu, Xiande Wu, Fasi An, Lizhe Wang, Wanfu Gu, Ji-Dong Feng, Huyuan |
author_facet | Ma, Yantian Zhang, He Du, Ye Tian, Tian Xiang, Ting Liu, Xiande Wu, Fasi An, Lizhe Wang, Wanfu Gu, Ji-Dong Feng, Huyuan |
author_sort | Ma, Yantian |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this study, we compared the microbial communities colonising ancient cave wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes exhibiting signs of biodeterioration. Ten samples were collected from five different caves built during different time periods and analysed using culture-independent and culture-dependent methods. The clone library results revealed high microbial diversity, including the bacterial groups Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi and the fungal groups Euascomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Sordariomycetes, Saccharomycetes, Plectomycetes, Pezizomycetes, Zygomycota, and Basidiomycota. The bacterial community structures differed among the samples, with no consistent temporal or spatial trends. However, the fungal community diversity index correlated with the building time of the caves independent of environmental factors (e.g., temperature or relative humidity). The enrichment cultures revealed that many culturable strains were highly resistant to various stresses and thus may be responsible for the damage to cave paintings in the Mogao Grottoes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4291566 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42915662015-01-16 The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes Ma, Yantian Zhang, He Du, Ye Tian, Tian Xiang, Ting Liu, Xiande Wu, Fasi An, Lizhe Wang, Wanfu Gu, Ji-Dong Feng, Huyuan Sci Rep Article In this study, we compared the microbial communities colonising ancient cave wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes exhibiting signs of biodeterioration. Ten samples were collected from five different caves built during different time periods and analysed using culture-independent and culture-dependent methods. The clone library results revealed high microbial diversity, including the bacterial groups Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi and the fungal groups Euascomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Sordariomycetes, Saccharomycetes, Plectomycetes, Pezizomycetes, Zygomycota, and Basidiomycota. The bacterial community structures differed among the samples, with no consistent temporal or spatial trends. However, the fungal community diversity index correlated with the building time of the caves independent of environmental factors (e.g., temperature or relative humidity). The enrichment cultures revealed that many culturable strains were highly resistant to various stresses and thus may be responsible for the damage to cave paintings in the Mogao Grottoes. Nature Publishing Group 2015-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4291566/ /pubmed/25583346 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07752 Text en Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder in order to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Article Ma, Yantian Zhang, He Du, Ye Tian, Tian Xiang, Ting Liu, Xiande Wu, Fasi An, Lizhe Wang, Wanfu Gu, Ji-Dong Feng, Huyuan The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes |
title | The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes |
title_full | The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes |
title_fullStr | The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes |
title_full_unstemmed | The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes |
title_short | The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes |
title_sort | community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the mogao grottoes |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4291566/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25583346 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07752 |
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