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The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes

In this study, we compared the microbial communities colonising ancient cave wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes exhibiting signs of biodeterioration. Ten samples were collected from five different caves built during different time periods and analysed using culture-independent and culture-dependen...

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Autores principales: Ma, Yantian, Zhang, He, Du, Ye, Tian, Tian, Xiang, Ting, Liu, Xiande, Wu, Fasi, An, Lizhe, Wang, Wanfu, Gu, Ji-Dong, Feng, Huyuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4291566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25583346
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07752
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author Ma, Yantian
Zhang, He
Du, Ye
Tian, Tian
Xiang, Ting
Liu, Xiande
Wu, Fasi
An, Lizhe
Wang, Wanfu
Gu, Ji-Dong
Feng, Huyuan
author_facet Ma, Yantian
Zhang, He
Du, Ye
Tian, Tian
Xiang, Ting
Liu, Xiande
Wu, Fasi
An, Lizhe
Wang, Wanfu
Gu, Ji-Dong
Feng, Huyuan
author_sort Ma, Yantian
collection PubMed
description In this study, we compared the microbial communities colonising ancient cave wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes exhibiting signs of biodeterioration. Ten samples were collected from five different caves built during different time periods and analysed using culture-independent and culture-dependent methods. The clone library results revealed high microbial diversity, including the bacterial groups Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi and the fungal groups Euascomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Sordariomycetes, Saccharomycetes, Plectomycetes, Pezizomycetes, Zygomycota, and Basidiomycota. The bacterial community structures differed among the samples, with no consistent temporal or spatial trends. However, the fungal community diversity index correlated with the building time of the caves independent of environmental factors (e.g., temperature or relative humidity). The enrichment cultures revealed that many culturable strains were highly resistant to various stresses and thus may be responsible for the damage to cave paintings in the Mogao Grottoes.
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spelling pubmed-42915662015-01-16 The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes Ma, Yantian Zhang, He Du, Ye Tian, Tian Xiang, Ting Liu, Xiande Wu, Fasi An, Lizhe Wang, Wanfu Gu, Ji-Dong Feng, Huyuan Sci Rep Article In this study, we compared the microbial communities colonising ancient cave wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes exhibiting signs of biodeterioration. Ten samples were collected from five different caves built during different time periods and analysed using culture-independent and culture-dependent methods. The clone library results revealed high microbial diversity, including the bacterial groups Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi and the fungal groups Euascomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Sordariomycetes, Saccharomycetes, Plectomycetes, Pezizomycetes, Zygomycota, and Basidiomycota. The bacterial community structures differed among the samples, with no consistent temporal or spatial trends. However, the fungal community diversity index correlated with the building time of the caves independent of environmental factors (e.g., temperature or relative humidity). The enrichment cultures revealed that many culturable strains were highly resistant to various stresses and thus may be responsible for the damage to cave paintings in the Mogao Grottoes. Nature Publishing Group 2015-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4291566/ /pubmed/25583346 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07752 Text en Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder in order to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
spellingShingle Article
Ma, Yantian
Zhang, He
Du, Ye
Tian, Tian
Xiang, Ting
Liu, Xiande
Wu, Fasi
An, Lizhe
Wang, Wanfu
Gu, Ji-Dong
Feng, Huyuan
The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes
title The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes
title_full The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes
title_fullStr The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes
title_full_unstemmed The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes
title_short The community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the Mogao Grottoes
title_sort community distribution of bacteria and fungi on ancient wall paintings of the mogao grottoes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4291566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25583346
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07752
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