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Approaching a network connectivity-driven classification of the psychosis continuum: a selective review and suggestions for future research
Brain changes in schizophrenia evolve along a dynamic trajectory, emerging before disease onset and proceeding with ongoing illness. Recent investigations have focused attention on functional brain interactions, with experimental imaging studies supporting the disconnection hypothesis of schizophren...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4292722/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25628553 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.01047 |
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author | Schmidt, André Diwadkar, Vaibhav A. Smieskova, Renata Harrisberger, Fabienne Lang, Undine E. McGuire, Philip Fusar-Poli, Paolo Borgwardt, Stefan |
author_facet | Schmidt, André Diwadkar, Vaibhav A. Smieskova, Renata Harrisberger, Fabienne Lang, Undine E. McGuire, Philip Fusar-Poli, Paolo Borgwardt, Stefan |
author_sort | Schmidt, André |
collection | PubMed |
description | Brain changes in schizophrenia evolve along a dynamic trajectory, emerging before disease onset and proceeding with ongoing illness. Recent investigations have focused attention on functional brain interactions, with experimental imaging studies supporting the disconnection hypothesis of schizophrenia. These studies have revealed a broad spectrum of abnormalities in brain connectivity in patients, particularly for connections integrating the frontal cortex. A critical point is that brain connectivity abnormalities, including altered resting state connectivity within the fronto-parietal (FP) network, are already observed in non-help-seeking individuals with psychotic-like experiences. If we consider psychosis as a continuum, with individuals with psychotic-like experiences at the lower and psychotic patients at the upper ends, individuals with psychotic-like experiences represent a key population for investigating the validity of putative biomarkers underlying the onset of psychosis. This paper selectively addresses the role played by FP connectivity in the psychosis continuum, which includes patients with chronic psychosis, early psychosis, clinical high risk, genetic high risk, as well as the general population with psychotic experiences. We first discuss structural connectivity changes among the FP pathway in each domain in the psychosis continuum. This may provide a basis for us to gain an understanding of the subsequent changes in functional FP connectivity. We further indicate that abnormal FP connectivity may arise from glutamatergic disturbances of this pathway, in particular from abnormal NMDA receptor-mediated plasticity. In the second part of this paper we propose some concepts for further research on the use of network connectivity in the classification of the psychosis continuum. These concepts are consistent with recent efforts to enhance the role of data in driving the diagnosis of psychiatric spectrum diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4292722 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42927222015-01-27 Approaching a network connectivity-driven classification of the psychosis continuum: a selective review and suggestions for future research Schmidt, André Diwadkar, Vaibhav A. Smieskova, Renata Harrisberger, Fabienne Lang, Undine E. McGuire, Philip Fusar-Poli, Paolo Borgwardt, Stefan Front Hum Neurosci Neuroscience Brain changes in schizophrenia evolve along a dynamic trajectory, emerging before disease onset and proceeding with ongoing illness. Recent investigations have focused attention on functional brain interactions, with experimental imaging studies supporting the disconnection hypothesis of schizophrenia. These studies have revealed a broad spectrum of abnormalities in brain connectivity in patients, particularly for connections integrating the frontal cortex. A critical point is that brain connectivity abnormalities, including altered resting state connectivity within the fronto-parietal (FP) network, are already observed in non-help-seeking individuals with psychotic-like experiences. If we consider psychosis as a continuum, with individuals with psychotic-like experiences at the lower and psychotic patients at the upper ends, individuals with psychotic-like experiences represent a key population for investigating the validity of putative biomarkers underlying the onset of psychosis. This paper selectively addresses the role played by FP connectivity in the psychosis continuum, which includes patients with chronic psychosis, early psychosis, clinical high risk, genetic high risk, as well as the general population with psychotic experiences. We first discuss structural connectivity changes among the FP pathway in each domain in the psychosis continuum. This may provide a basis for us to gain an understanding of the subsequent changes in functional FP connectivity. We further indicate that abnormal FP connectivity may arise from glutamatergic disturbances of this pathway, in particular from abnormal NMDA receptor-mediated plasticity. In the second part of this paper we propose some concepts for further research on the use of network connectivity in the classification of the psychosis continuum. These concepts are consistent with recent efforts to enhance the role of data in driving the diagnosis of psychiatric spectrum diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4292722/ /pubmed/25628553 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.01047 Text en Copyright © 2015 Schmidt, Diwadkar, Smieskova, Harrisberger, Lang, McGuire, Fusar-Poli and Borgwardt. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Schmidt, André Diwadkar, Vaibhav A. Smieskova, Renata Harrisberger, Fabienne Lang, Undine E. McGuire, Philip Fusar-Poli, Paolo Borgwardt, Stefan Approaching a network connectivity-driven classification of the psychosis continuum: a selective review and suggestions for future research |
title | Approaching a network connectivity-driven classification of the psychosis continuum: a selective review and suggestions for future research |
title_full | Approaching a network connectivity-driven classification of the psychosis continuum: a selective review and suggestions for future research |
title_fullStr | Approaching a network connectivity-driven classification of the psychosis continuum: a selective review and suggestions for future research |
title_full_unstemmed | Approaching a network connectivity-driven classification of the psychosis continuum: a selective review and suggestions for future research |
title_short | Approaching a network connectivity-driven classification of the psychosis continuum: a selective review and suggestions for future research |
title_sort | approaching a network connectivity-driven classification of the psychosis continuum: a selective review and suggestions for future research |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4292722/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25628553 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.01047 |
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