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An Experiment with Forced Oxygenation of the Deepwater of the Anoxic By Fjord, Western Sweden
In a 2.5-year-long environmental engineering experiment in the By Fjord, surface water was pumped into the deepwater where the frequency of deepwater renewals increased by a factor of 10. During the experiment, the deepwater became long-term oxic, and nitrate became the dominating dissolved inorgani...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Netherlands
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4293361/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24789509 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-014-0524-9 |
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author | Stigebrandt, Anders Liljebladh, Bengt de Brabandere, Loreto Forth, Michael Granmo, Åke Hall, Per Hammar, Jonatan Hansson, Daniel Kononets, Mikhail Magnusson, Marina Norén, Fredrik Rahm, Lars Treusch, Alexander H. Viktorsson, Lena |
author_facet | Stigebrandt, Anders Liljebladh, Bengt de Brabandere, Loreto Forth, Michael Granmo, Åke Hall, Per Hammar, Jonatan Hansson, Daniel Kononets, Mikhail Magnusson, Marina Norén, Fredrik Rahm, Lars Treusch, Alexander H. Viktorsson, Lena |
author_sort | Stigebrandt, Anders |
collection | PubMed |
description | In a 2.5-year-long environmental engineering experiment in the By Fjord, surface water was pumped into the deepwater where the frequency of deepwater renewals increased by a factor of 10. During the experiment, the deepwater became long-term oxic, and nitrate became the dominating dissolved inorganic nitrogen component. The amount of phosphate in the water column decreased by a factor of 5 due to the increase in flushing and reduction in the leakage of phosphate from the sediments when the sediment surface became oxidized. Oxygenation of the sediments did not increase the leakage of toxic metals and organic pollutants. The bacterial community was the first to show changes after the oxygenation, with aerobic bacteria also thriving in the deepwater. The earlier azoic deepwater bottom sediments were colonized by animals. No structural difference between the phytoplankton communities in the By Fjord and the adjacent Havsten Fjord, with oxygenated deepwater, could be detected during the experiment. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13280-014-0524-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4293361 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Springer Netherlands |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42933612015-01-16 An Experiment with Forced Oxygenation of the Deepwater of the Anoxic By Fjord, Western Sweden Stigebrandt, Anders Liljebladh, Bengt de Brabandere, Loreto Forth, Michael Granmo, Åke Hall, Per Hammar, Jonatan Hansson, Daniel Kononets, Mikhail Magnusson, Marina Norén, Fredrik Rahm, Lars Treusch, Alexander H. Viktorsson, Lena Ambio Report In a 2.5-year-long environmental engineering experiment in the By Fjord, surface water was pumped into the deepwater where the frequency of deepwater renewals increased by a factor of 10. During the experiment, the deepwater became long-term oxic, and nitrate became the dominating dissolved inorganic nitrogen component. The amount of phosphate in the water column decreased by a factor of 5 due to the increase in flushing and reduction in the leakage of phosphate from the sediments when the sediment surface became oxidized. Oxygenation of the sediments did not increase the leakage of toxic metals and organic pollutants. The bacterial community was the first to show changes after the oxygenation, with aerobic bacteria also thriving in the deepwater. The earlier azoic deepwater bottom sediments were colonized by animals. No structural difference between the phytoplankton communities in the By Fjord and the adjacent Havsten Fjord, with oxygenated deepwater, could be detected during the experiment. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13280-014-0524-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Netherlands 2014-05-01 2015-02 /pmc/articles/PMC4293361/ /pubmed/24789509 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-014-0524-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2014 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Report Stigebrandt, Anders Liljebladh, Bengt de Brabandere, Loreto Forth, Michael Granmo, Åke Hall, Per Hammar, Jonatan Hansson, Daniel Kononets, Mikhail Magnusson, Marina Norén, Fredrik Rahm, Lars Treusch, Alexander H. Viktorsson, Lena An Experiment with Forced Oxygenation of the Deepwater of the Anoxic By Fjord, Western Sweden |
title | An Experiment with Forced Oxygenation of the Deepwater of the Anoxic By Fjord, Western Sweden |
title_full | An Experiment with Forced Oxygenation of the Deepwater of the Anoxic By Fjord, Western Sweden |
title_fullStr | An Experiment with Forced Oxygenation of the Deepwater of the Anoxic By Fjord, Western Sweden |
title_full_unstemmed | An Experiment with Forced Oxygenation of the Deepwater of the Anoxic By Fjord, Western Sweden |
title_short | An Experiment with Forced Oxygenation of the Deepwater of the Anoxic By Fjord, Western Sweden |
title_sort | experiment with forced oxygenation of the deepwater of the anoxic by fjord, western sweden |
topic | Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4293361/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24789509 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-014-0524-9 |
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