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Physical Activity, Mediterranean Diet and Biomarkers-Assessed Risk of Alzheimer’s: A Multi-Modality Brain Imaging Study

Increased physical activity and higher adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet (MeDi) have been independently associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Their association has not been investigated with the use of biomarkers. This study examines whether, among cognitively normal (NL) in...

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Autores principales: Matthews, Dawn C., Davies, Michelle, Murray, John, Williams, Schantel, Tsui, Wai H., Li, Yi, Andrews, Randolph D., Lukic, Ana, McHugh, Pauline, Vallabhajosula, Shankar, de Leon, Mony J., Mosconi, Lisa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4294269/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25599008
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ami.2014.44006
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author Matthews, Dawn C.
Davies, Michelle
Murray, John
Williams, Schantel
Tsui, Wai H.
Li, Yi
Andrews, Randolph D.
Lukic, Ana
McHugh, Pauline
Vallabhajosula, Shankar
de Leon, Mony J.
Mosconi, Lisa
author_facet Matthews, Dawn C.
Davies, Michelle
Murray, John
Williams, Schantel
Tsui, Wai H.
Li, Yi
Andrews, Randolph D.
Lukic, Ana
McHugh, Pauline
Vallabhajosula, Shankar
de Leon, Mony J.
Mosconi, Lisa
author_sort Matthews, Dawn C.
collection PubMed
description Increased physical activity and higher adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet (MeDi) have been independently associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Their association has not been investigated with the use of biomarkers. This study examines whether, among cognitively normal (NL) individuals, those who are less physically active and show lower MeDi adherence have brain biomarker abnormalities consistent with AD. METHODS: Forty-five NL individuals (age 54 ± 11, 71% women) with complete leisure time physical activity (LTA), dietary information, and cross-sectional 3D T1-weigthed MRI, (11)C-Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans were examined. Voxel-wise multivariate partial least square (PLS) regression was used to examine the effects of LTA, MeDi and their interaction on brain biomarkers. Age, gender, ethnicity, education, caloric intake, BMI, family history of AD, Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, presence of hypertension and insulin resistance were examined as confounds. Subjects were dichotomized into more and less physically active (LTA+ vs. LTA−; n = 21 vs. 24), and into higher vs. lower MeDi adherence groups (n = 18 vs. 27) using published scoring methods. Spatial patterns of brain biomarkers that represented the optimal association between the images and the groups were generated for all modalities using voxel-wise multivariate Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression. RESULTS: Groups were comparable for clinical and neuropsychological measures. Independent effects of LTA and MeDi factors were observed in AD-vulnerable brain regions for all modalities (p < 0.001). Increased AD-burden (in particular higher Aβ load and lower glucose metabolism) were observed in LTA− compared to LTA+ subjects, and in MeDi− as compared to MeDi+ subjects. A gradient effect was observed for all modalities so that LTA−/MeDi− subjects had the highest and LTA+/MeDi+ subjects had the lowest AD-burden (p < 0.001), although the LTA × MeDi interaction was significant only for FDG measures (p < 0.03). Adjusting for covariates did not attenuate these relationships. CONCLUSION: Lower physical activity and MeDi adherence were associated with increased brain AD-burden among NL individuals, indicating that lifestyle factors may modulate AD risk. Studies with larger samples and longitudinal evaluations are needed to determine the predictive power of the observed associations
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spelling pubmed-42942692015-01-14 Physical Activity, Mediterranean Diet and Biomarkers-Assessed Risk of Alzheimer’s: A Multi-Modality Brain Imaging Study Matthews, Dawn C. Davies, Michelle Murray, John Williams, Schantel Tsui, Wai H. Li, Yi Andrews, Randolph D. Lukic, Ana McHugh, Pauline Vallabhajosula, Shankar de Leon, Mony J. Mosconi, Lisa Adv J Mol Imaging Article Increased physical activity and higher adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet (MeDi) have been independently associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Their association has not been investigated with the use of biomarkers. This study examines whether, among cognitively normal (NL) individuals, those who are less physically active and show lower MeDi adherence have brain biomarker abnormalities consistent with AD. METHODS: Forty-five NL individuals (age 54 ± 11, 71% women) with complete leisure time physical activity (LTA), dietary information, and cross-sectional 3D T1-weigthed MRI, (11)C-Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans were examined. Voxel-wise multivariate partial least square (PLS) regression was used to examine the effects of LTA, MeDi and their interaction on brain biomarkers. Age, gender, ethnicity, education, caloric intake, BMI, family history of AD, Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, presence of hypertension and insulin resistance were examined as confounds. Subjects were dichotomized into more and less physically active (LTA+ vs. LTA−; n = 21 vs. 24), and into higher vs. lower MeDi adherence groups (n = 18 vs. 27) using published scoring methods. Spatial patterns of brain biomarkers that represented the optimal association between the images and the groups were generated for all modalities using voxel-wise multivariate Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression. RESULTS: Groups were comparable for clinical and neuropsychological measures. Independent effects of LTA and MeDi factors were observed in AD-vulnerable brain regions for all modalities (p < 0.001). Increased AD-burden (in particular higher Aβ load and lower glucose metabolism) were observed in LTA− compared to LTA+ subjects, and in MeDi− as compared to MeDi+ subjects. A gradient effect was observed for all modalities so that LTA−/MeDi− subjects had the highest and LTA+/MeDi+ subjects had the lowest AD-burden (p < 0.001), although the LTA × MeDi interaction was significant only for FDG measures (p < 0.03). Adjusting for covariates did not attenuate these relationships. CONCLUSION: Lower physical activity and MeDi adherence were associated with increased brain AD-burden among NL individuals, indicating that lifestyle factors may modulate AD risk. Studies with larger samples and longitudinal evaluations are needed to determine the predictive power of the observed associations 2014-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4294269/ /pubmed/25599008 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ami.2014.44006 Text en Copyright © 2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
spellingShingle Article
Matthews, Dawn C.
Davies, Michelle
Murray, John
Williams, Schantel
Tsui, Wai H.
Li, Yi
Andrews, Randolph D.
Lukic, Ana
McHugh, Pauline
Vallabhajosula, Shankar
de Leon, Mony J.
Mosconi, Lisa
Physical Activity, Mediterranean Diet and Biomarkers-Assessed Risk of Alzheimer’s: A Multi-Modality Brain Imaging Study
title Physical Activity, Mediterranean Diet and Biomarkers-Assessed Risk of Alzheimer’s: A Multi-Modality Brain Imaging Study
title_full Physical Activity, Mediterranean Diet and Biomarkers-Assessed Risk of Alzheimer’s: A Multi-Modality Brain Imaging Study
title_fullStr Physical Activity, Mediterranean Diet and Biomarkers-Assessed Risk of Alzheimer’s: A Multi-Modality Brain Imaging Study
title_full_unstemmed Physical Activity, Mediterranean Diet and Biomarkers-Assessed Risk of Alzheimer’s: A Multi-Modality Brain Imaging Study
title_short Physical Activity, Mediterranean Diet and Biomarkers-Assessed Risk of Alzheimer’s: A Multi-Modality Brain Imaging Study
title_sort physical activity, mediterranean diet and biomarkers-assessed risk of alzheimer’s: a multi-modality brain imaging study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4294269/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25599008
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ami.2014.44006
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