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Emergence timing and fitness consequences of variation in seed oil composition in Arabidopsis thaliana

Early seedling emergence can increase plant fitness under competition. Seed oil composition (the types and relative amounts of fatty acids in the oils) may play an important role in determining emergence timing and early growth rate in oilseeds. Saturated fatty acids provide more energy per carbon a...

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Autores principales: Pelc, Sandra E, Linder, C Randal
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4298443/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25628873
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1265
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author Pelc, Sandra E
Linder, C Randal
author_facet Pelc, Sandra E
Linder, C Randal
author_sort Pelc, Sandra E
collection PubMed
description Early seedling emergence can increase plant fitness under competition. Seed oil composition (the types and relative amounts of fatty acids in the oils) may play an important role in determining emergence timing and early growth rate in oilseeds. Saturated fatty acids provide more energy per carbon atom than unsaturated fatty acids but have substantially higher melting points (when chain length is held constant). This characteristic forms the basis of an adaptive hypothesis that lower melting point seeds (lower proportion of saturated fatty acids) should be favored under colder germination temperatures due to earlier germination and faster growth before photosynthesis, while at warmer germination temperatures, seeds with a higher amount of energy (higher proportion of saturated fatty acids) should be favored. To assess the effects of seed oil melting point on timing of seedling emergence and fitness, high- and low-melting point lines from a recombinant inbred cross of Arabidopsis thaliana were competed in a fully factorial experiment at warm and cold temperatures with two different density treatments. Emergence timing between these lines was not significantly different at either temperature, which aligned with warm temperature predictions, but not cold temperature predictions. Under all conditions, plants competing against high-melting point lines had lower fitness relative to those against low-melting point lines, which matched expectations for undifferentiated emergence times.
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spelling pubmed-42984432015-01-27 Emergence timing and fitness consequences of variation in seed oil composition in Arabidopsis thaliana Pelc, Sandra E Linder, C Randal Ecol Evol Original Research Early seedling emergence can increase plant fitness under competition. Seed oil composition (the types and relative amounts of fatty acids in the oils) may play an important role in determining emergence timing and early growth rate in oilseeds. Saturated fatty acids provide more energy per carbon atom than unsaturated fatty acids but have substantially higher melting points (when chain length is held constant). This characteristic forms the basis of an adaptive hypothesis that lower melting point seeds (lower proportion of saturated fatty acids) should be favored under colder germination temperatures due to earlier germination and faster growth before photosynthesis, while at warmer germination temperatures, seeds with a higher amount of energy (higher proportion of saturated fatty acids) should be favored. To assess the effects of seed oil melting point on timing of seedling emergence and fitness, high- and low-melting point lines from a recombinant inbred cross of Arabidopsis thaliana were competed in a fully factorial experiment at warm and cold temperatures with two different density treatments. Emergence timing between these lines was not significantly different at either temperature, which aligned with warm temperature predictions, but not cold temperature predictions. Under all conditions, plants competing against high-melting point lines had lower fitness relative to those against low-melting point lines, which matched expectations for undifferentiated emergence times. BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2015-01 2014-12-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4298443/ /pubmed/25628873 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1265 Text en © 2014 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Pelc, Sandra E
Linder, C Randal
Emergence timing and fitness consequences of variation in seed oil composition in Arabidopsis thaliana
title Emergence timing and fitness consequences of variation in seed oil composition in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_full Emergence timing and fitness consequences of variation in seed oil composition in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_fullStr Emergence timing and fitness consequences of variation in seed oil composition in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_full_unstemmed Emergence timing and fitness consequences of variation in seed oil composition in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_short Emergence timing and fitness consequences of variation in seed oil composition in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_sort emergence timing and fitness consequences of variation in seed oil composition in arabidopsis thaliana
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4298443/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25628873
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1265
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