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Natural variations in snow cover do not affect the annual soil CO(2) efflux from a mid-elevation temperate forest
Climate change might alter annual snowfall patterns and modify the duration and magnitude of snow cover in temperate regions with resultant impacts on soil microclimate and soil CO(2) efflux (F(soil)). We used a 5-year time series of F(soil) measurements from a mid-elevation forest to assess the eff...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BlackWell Publishing Ltd
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4298805/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23966344 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12367 |
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author | Schindlbacher, Andreas Jandl, Robert Schindlbacher, Sabine |
author_facet | Schindlbacher, Andreas Jandl, Robert Schindlbacher, Sabine |
author_sort | Schindlbacher, Andreas |
collection | PubMed |
description | Climate change might alter annual snowfall patterns and modify the duration and magnitude of snow cover in temperate regions with resultant impacts on soil microclimate and soil CO(2) efflux (F(soil)). We used a 5-year time series of F(soil) measurements from a mid-elevation forest to assess the effects of naturally changing snow cover. Snow cover varied considerably in duration (105–154 days) and depth (mean snow depth 19–59 cm). Periodically shallow snow cover (<10 cm) caused soil freezing or increased variation in soil temperature. This was mostly not reflected in F(soil) which tended to decrease gradually throughout winter. Progressively decreasing C substrate availability (identified by substrate induced respiration) likely over-rid the effects of slowly changing soil temperatures and determined the overall course of F(soil). Cumulative CO(2) efflux from beneath snow cover varied between 0.46 and 0.95 t C ha(−1) yr(−1) and amounted to between 6 and 12% of the annual efflux. When compared over a fixed interval (the longest period of snow cover during the 5 years), the cumulative CO(2) efflux ranged between 0.77 and 1.18 t C ha(−1) or between 11 and 15% of the annual soil CO(2) efflux. The relative contribution (15%) was highest during the year with the shortest winter. Variations in snow cover were not reflected in the annual CO(2) efflux (7.44–8.41 t C ha(−1)) which did not differ significantly between years and did not correlate with any snow parameter. Regional climate at our site was characterized by relatively high amounts of precipitation. Therefore, snow did not play a role in terms of water supply during the warm season and primarily affected cold season processes. The role of changing snow cover therefore seems rather marginal when compared to potential climate change effects on F(soil) during the warm season. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4298805 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BlackWell Publishing Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42988052015-01-27 Natural variations in snow cover do not affect the annual soil CO(2) efflux from a mid-elevation temperate forest Schindlbacher, Andreas Jandl, Robert Schindlbacher, Sabine Glob Chang Biol Primary Research Articles Climate change might alter annual snowfall patterns and modify the duration and magnitude of snow cover in temperate regions with resultant impacts on soil microclimate and soil CO(2) efflux (F(soil)). We used a 5-year time series of F(soil) measurements from a mid-elevation forest to assess the effects of naturally changing snow cover. Snow cover varied considerably in duration (105–154 days) and depth (mean snow depth 19–59 cm). Periodically shallow snow cover (<10 cm) caused soil freezing or increased variation in soil temperature. This was mostly not reflected in F(soil) which tended to decrease gradually throughout winter. Progressively decreasing C substrate availability (identified by substrate induced respiration) likely over-rid the effects of slowly changing soil temperatures and determined the overall course of F(soil). Cumulative CO(2) efflux from beneath snow cover varied between 0.46 and 0.95 t C ha(−1) yr(−1) and amounted to between 6 and 12% of the annual efflux. When compared over a fixed interval (the longest period of snow cover during the 5 years), the cumulative CO(2) efflux ranged between 0.77 and 1.18 t C ha(−1) or between 11 and 15% of the annual soil CO(2) efflux. The relative contribution (15%) was highest during the year with the shortest winter. Variations in snow cover were not reflected in the annual CO(2) efflux (7.44–8.41 t C ha(−1)) which did not differ significantly between years and did not correlate with any snow parameter. Regional climate at our site was characterized by relatively high amounts of precipitation. Therefore, snow did not play a role in terms of water supply during the warm season and primarily affected cold season processes. The role of changing snow cover therefore seems rather marginal when compared to potential climate change effects on F(soil) during the warm season. BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2014-02 2013-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4298805/ /pubmed/23966344 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12367 Text en © 2013 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
spellingShingle | Primary Research Articles Schindlbacher, Andreas Jandl, Robert Schindlbacher, Sabine Natural variations in snow cover do not affect the annual soil CO(2) efflux from a mid-elevation temperate forest |
title | Natural variations in snow cover do not affect the annual soil CO(2) efflux from a mid-elevation temperate forest |
title_full | Natural variations in snow cover do not affect the annual soil CO(2) efflux from a mid-elevation temperate forest |
title_fullStr | Natural variations in snow cover do not affect the annual soil CO(2) efflux from a mid-elevation temperate forest |
title_full_unstemmed | Natural variations in snow cover do not affect the annual soil CO(2) efflux from a mid-elevation temperate forest |
title_short | Natural variations in snow cover do not affect the annual soil CO(2) efflux from a mid-elevation temperate forest |
title_sort | natural variations in snow cover do not affect the annual soil co(2) efflux from a mid-elevation temperate forest |
topic | Primary Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4298805/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23966344 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12367 |
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