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Genetic markers cannot determine Jewish descent
Humans differentiate, classify, and discriminate: social interaction is a basic property of human Darwinian evolution. Presumably inherent differential physical as well as behavioral properties have always been criteria for identifying friend or foe. Yet, biological determinism is a relatively moder...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4301023/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25653666 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2014.00462 |
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author | Falk, Raphael |
author_facet | Falk, Raphael |
author_sort | Falk, Raphael |
collection | PubMed |
description | Humans differentiate, classify, and discriminate: social interaction is a basic property of human Darwinian evolution. Presumably inherent differential physical as well as behavioral properties have always been criteria for identifying friend or foe. Yet, biological determinism is a relatively modern term, and scientific racism is, oddly enough, largely a consequence or a product of the Age of Enlightenment and the establishment of the notion of human equality. In recent decades ever-increasing efforts and ingenuity were invested in identifying Biblical Israelite genotypic common denominators by analysing an assortment of phenotypes, like facial patterns, blood types, diseases, DNA-sequences, and more. It becomes overwhelmingly clear that although Jews maintained detectable vertical genetic continuity along generations of socio-religious-cultural relationship, also intensive horizontal genetic relations were maintained both between Jewish communities and with the gentile surrounding. Thus, in spite of considerable consanguinity, there is no Jewish genotype to identify. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4301023 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43010232015-02-04 Genetic markers cannot determine Jewish descent Falk, Raphael Front Genet Genetics Humans differentiate, classify, and discriminate: social interaction is a basic property of human Darwinian evolution. Presumably inherent differential physical as well as behavioral properties have always been criteria for identifying friend or foe. Yet, biological determinism is a relatively modern term, and scientific racism is, oddly enough, largely a consequence or a product of the Age of Enlightenment and the establishment of the notion of human equality. In recent decades ever-increasing efforts and ingenuity were invested in identifying Biblical Israelite genotypic common denominators by analysing an assortment of phenotypes, like facial patterns, blood types, diseases, DNA-sequences, and more. It becomes overwhelmingly clear that although Jews maintained detectable vertical genetic continuity along generations of socio-religious-cultural relationship, also intensive horizontal genetic relations were maintained both between Jewish communities and with the gentile surrounding. Thus, in spite of considerable consanguinity, there is no Jewish genotype to identify. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC4301023/ /pubmed/25653666 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2014.00462 Text en Copyright © 2015 Falk. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Genetics Falk, Raphael Genetic markers cannot determine Jewish descent |
title | Genetic markers cannot determine Jewish descent |
title_full | Genetic markers cannot determine Jewish descent |
title_fullStr | Genetic markers cannot determine Jewish descent |
title_full_unstemmed | Genetic markers cannot determine Jewish descent |
title_short | Genetic markers cannot determine Jewish descent |
title_sort | genetic markers cannot determine jewish descent |
topic | Genetics |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4301023/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25653666 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2014.00462 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT falkraphael geneticmarkerscannotdeterminejewishdescent |