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Brain alterations within the first 100 days of HIV infection
OBJECTIVE: Brain involvement is a serious complication of HIV infection. The earliest changes in the brain, which represents an anatomic site for viral persistence, are largely unknown. METHODS: This investigation used quantitative Magnetic Resonance methodologies, including high resolution and diff...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BlackWell Publishing Ltd
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4301670/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25642430 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acn3.136 |
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author | Ragin, Ann B Wu, Ying Gao, Yi Keating, Sheila Du, Hongyan Sammet, Christina Kettering, Casey S Epstein, Leon G |
author_facet | Ragin, Ann B Wu, Ying Gao, Yi Keating, Sheila Du, Hongyan Sammet, Christina Kettering, Casey S Epstein, Leon G |
author_sort | Ragin, Ann B |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: Brain involvement is a serious complication of HIV infection. The earliest changes in the brain, which represents an anatomic site for viral persistence, are largely unknown. METHODS: This investigation used quantitative Magnetic Resonance methodologies, including high resolution and diffusion tensor (DTI) imaging, to evaluate the brain in 15 HIV and 20 seronegative subjects. All HIV subjects were antibody nonreactive with assay-estimated infection duration of less than 100 days. RESULTS: Brain volumetric analysis revealed reduced parenchyma with enlargement of the third ventricle and brainstem. DTI quantified loss of white matter integrity in the corpus callosum and diffusion alterations in caudate. Cognitive differences were indicated in psychomotor speed and visual recall. There were no differences between antiretroviral-initiated and naïve HIV subgroups. INTERPRETATION: These findings, quantified within 100 days of infection, shed light on the earliest brain changes in HIV infection. Onset of neural injury may date to initial viral invasion and the transient early period of unchecked viremia and marked immunosuppression of the seroconversion period. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4301670 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | BlackWell Publishing Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43016702015-01-30 Brain alterations within the first 100 days of HIV infection Ragin, Ann B Wu, Ying Gao, Yi Keating, Sheila Du, Hongyan Sammet, Christina Kettering, Casey S Epstein, Leon G Ann Clin Transl Neurol Research Articles OBJECTIVE: Brain involvement is a serious complication of HIV infection. The earliest changes in the brain, which represents an anatomic site for viral persistence, are largely unknown. METHODS: This investigation used quantitative Magnetic Resonance methodologies, including high resolution and diffusion tensor (DTI) imaging, to evaluate the brain in 15 HIV and 20 seronegative subjects. All HIV subjects were antibody nonreactive with assay-estimated infection duration of less than 100 days. RESULTS: Brain volumetric analysis revealed reduced parenchyma with enlargement of the third ventricle and brainstem. DTI quantified loss of white matter integrity in the corpus callosum and diffusion alterations in caudate. Cognitive differences were indicated in psychomotor speed and visual recall. There were no differences between antiretroviral-initiated and naïve HIV subgroups. INTERPRETATION: These findings, quantified within 100 days of infection, shed light on the earliest brain changes in HIV infection. Onset of neural injury may date to initial viral invasion and the transient early period of unchecked viremia and marked immunosuppression of the seroconversion period. BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2015-01 2014-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4301670/ /pubmed/25642430 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acn3.136 Text en © 2014 The Authors. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc on behalf of American Neurological Association. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Ragin, Ann B Wu, Ying Gao, Yi Keating, Sheila Du, Hongyan Sammet, Christina Kettering, Casey S Epstein, Leon G Brain alterations within the first 100 days of HIV infection |
title | Brain alterations within the first 100 days of HIV infection |
title_full | Brain alterations within the first 100 days of HIV infection |
title_fullStr | Brain alterations within the first 100 days of HIV infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Brain alterations within the first 100 days of HIV infection |
title_short | Brain alterations within the first 100 days of HIV infection |
title_sort | brain alterations within the first 100 days of hiv infection |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4301670/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25642430 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acn3.136 |
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