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An association between milk and slime increases biofilm production by bovine Staphylococcus aureus

BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is associated with chronic mastitis in cattle, and disease manifestation is usually refractory to antibiotic therapy. Biofilm production is a key element of S. aureus pathogenesis and may contribute to the treatment failure that is consistently reported by veterinar...

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Autores principales: Fabres-Klein, Mary Hellen, Caizer Santos, Mário Junior, Contelli Klein, Raphael, Nunes de Souza, Guilherme, de Oliveira Barros Ribon, Andrea
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4311514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25591667
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0319-7
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author Fabres-Klein, Mary Hellen
Caizer Santos, Mário Junior
Contelli Klein, Raphael
Nunes de Souza, Guilherme
de Oliveira Barros Ribon, Andrea
author_facet Fabres-Klein, Mary Hellen
Caizer Santos, Mário Junior
Contelli Klein, Raphael
Nunes de Souza, Guilherme
de Oliveira Barros Ribon, Andrea
author_sort Fabres-Klein, Mary Hellen
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is associated with chronic mastitis in cattle, and disease manifestation is usually refractory to antibiotic therapy. Biofilm production is a key element of S. aureus pathogenesis and may contribute to the treatment failure that is consistently reported by veterinarians. Minas Gerais State is the largest milk-producing state in Brazil, and the characterization of bacterial isolates is an important aspect of disease control for dairy farmers. Here, we investigated the potential of S. aureus isolated from bovine mastitis to produce slime and biofilm in a skim-milk medium and classified the isolates according to their agr type. RESULTS: Slime was detected using the Congo Red agar (CRA) test in 35.18% (19/54) of the strains; however, 87.04% (47/54) of the strains were considered biofilm-positive based on crystal violet staining. Compared to TSB supplemented with 0.25% glucose, skim milk significantly increased the production of biofilm, but this effect was only observed in slime-producing strains. The bacteria belonged to agr groups I (12/54), II (34/54), III (6/54), and IV (2/54), and bacteria in agr group III were found to be stronger biofilm producers than those in groups I and II. Again, milk had a significant influence only on slime-positive agr I and II isolates, revealing an association between milk and slime. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that skim-milk medium and slime production are two factors that together influence biofilm formation by bovine strains of S. aureus. A predominance of bacteria belonging to agr group II was observed, and bacteria from agr group III showed the highest proportion of biofilm producers. The majority of bacteria characterized in this study formed biofilm in milk, which suggests that biofilm formation has an important role in the virulence of S. aureus isolated from bovine intramammary infections.
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spelling pubmed-43115142015-01-31 An association between milk and slime increases biofilm production by bovine Staphylococcus aureus Fabres-Klein, Mary Hellen Caizer Santos, Mário Junior Contelli Klein, Raphael Nunes de Souza, Guilherme de Oliveira Barros Ribon, Andrea BMC Vet Res Research Article BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is associated with chronic mastitis in cattle, and disease manifestation is usually refractory to antibiotic therapy. Biofilm production is a key element of S. aureus pathogenesis and may contribute to the treatment failure that is consistently reported by veterinarians. Minas Gerais State is the largest milk-producing state in Brazil, and the characterization of bacterial isolates is an important aspect of disease control for dairy farmers. Here, we investigated the potential of S. aureus isolated from bovine mastitis to produce slime and biofilm in a skim-milk medium and classified the isolates according to their agr type. RESULTS: Slime was detected using the Congo Red agar (CRA) test in 35.18% (19/54) of the strains; however, 87.04% (47/54) of the strains were considered biofilm-positive based on crystal violet staining. Compared to TSB supplemented with 0.25% glucose, skim milk significantly increased the production of biofilm, but this effect was only observed in slime-producing strains. The bacteria belonged to agr groups I (12/54), II (34/54), III (6/54), and IV (2/54), and bacteria in agr group III were found to be stronger biofilm producers than those in groups I and II. Again, milk had a significant influence only on slime-positive agr I and II isolates, revealing an association between milk and slime. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that skim-milk medium and slime production are two factors that together influence biofilm formation by bovine strains of S. aureus. A predominance of bacteria belonging to agr group II was observed, and bacteria from agr group III showed the highest proportion of biofilm producers. The majority of bacteria characterized in this study formed biofilm in milk, which suggests that biofilm formation has an important role in the virulence of S. aureus isolated from bovine intramammary infections. BioMed Central 2015-01-16 /pmc/articles/PMC4311514/ /pubmed/25591667 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0319-7 Text en © Fabres-Klein et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Fabres-Klein, Mary Hellen
Caizer Santos, Mário Junior
Contelli Klein, Raphael
Nunes de Souza, Guilherme
de Oliveira Barros Ribon, Andrea
An association between milk and slime increases biofilm production by bovine Staphylococcus aureus
title An association between milk and slime increases biofilm production by bovine Staphylococcus aureus
title_full An association between milk and slime increases biofilm production by bovine Staphylococcus aureus
title_fullStr An association between milk and slime increases biofilm production by bovine Staphylococcus aureus
title_full_unstemmed An association between milk and slime increases biofilm production by bovine Staphylococcus aureus
title_short An association between milk and slime increases biofilm production by bovine Staphylococcus aureus
title_sort association between milk and slime increases biofilm production by bovine staphylococcus aureus
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4311514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25591667
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0319-7
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