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Spatially specific vs. unspecific disruption of visual orientation perception using chronometric pre-stimulus TMS
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over occipital cortex can impair visual processing. Such “TMS masking” has repeatedly been shown at several stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs), with TMS pulses generally applied after the onset of a visual stimulus. Following increased interest in the neuronal...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4311643/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25688194 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00005 |
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author | de Graaf, Tom A. Duecker, Felix Fernholz, Martin H. P. Sack, Alexander T. |
author_facet | de Graaf, Tom A. Duecker, Felix Fernholz, Martin H. P. Sack, Alexander T. |
author_sort | de Graaf, Tom A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over occipital cortex can impair visual processing. Such “TMS masking” has repeatedly been shown at several stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs), with TMS pulses generally applied after the onset of a visual stimulus. Following increased interest in the neuronal state-dependency of visual processing, we recently explored the efficacy of TMS at “negative SOAs”, when no visual processing can yet occur. We could reveal pre-stimulus TMS disruption, with results moreover hinting at two separate mechanisms in occipital cortex biasing subsequent orientation perception. Here we extended this work, including a chronometric design to map the temporal dynamics of spatially specific and unspecific mechanisms of state-dependent visual processing, while moreover controlling for TMS-induced pupil covering. TMS pulses applied 60–40 ms prior to a visual stimulus decreased orientation processing independent of stimulus location, while a local suppressive effect was found for TMS applied 30–10 ms pre-stimulus. These results contribute to our understanding of spatiotemporal mechanisms in occipital cortex underlying the state-dependency of visual processing, providing a basis for future work to link pre-stimulus TMS suppression effects to other known visual biasing mechanisms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4311643 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43116432015-02-16 Spatially specific vs. unspecific disruption of visual orientation perception using chronometric pre-stimulus TMS de Graaf, Tom A. Duecker, Felix Fernholz, Martin H. P. Sack, Alexander T. Front Behav Neurosci Neuroscience Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over occipital cortex can impair visual processing. Such “TMS masking” has repeatedly been shown at several stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs), with TMS pulses generally applied after the onset of a visual stimulus. Following increased interest in the neuronal state-dependency of visual processing, we recently explored the efficacy of TMS at “negative SOAs”, when no visual processing can yet occur. We could reveal pre-stimulus TMS disruption, with results moreover hinting at two separate mechanisms in occipital cortex biasing subsequent orientation perception. Here we extended this work, including a chronometric design to map the temporal dynamics of spatially specific and unspecific mechanisms of state-dependent visual processing, while moreover controlling for TMS-induced pupil covering. TMS pulses applied 60–40 ms prior to a visual stimulus decreased orientation processing independent of stimulus location, while a local suppressive effect was found for TMS applied 30–10 ms pre-stimulus. These results contribute to our understanding of spatiotemporal mechanisms in occipital cortex underlying the state-dependency of visual processing, providing a basis for future work to link pre-stimulus TMS suppression effects to other known visual biasing mechanisms. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-01-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4311643/ /pubmed/25688194 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00005 Text en Copyright © 2015 de Graaf, Duecker, Fernholz and Sack. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience de Graaf, Tom A. Duecker, Felix Fernholz, Martin H. P. Sack, Alexander T. Spatially specific vs. unspecific disruption of visual orientation perception using chronometric pre-stimulus TMS |
title | Spatially specific vs. unspecific disruption of visual orientation perception using chronometric pre-stimulus TMS |
title_full | Spatially specific vs. unspecific disruption of visual orientation perception using chronometric pre-stimulus TMS |
title_fullStr | Spatially specific vs. unspecific disruption of visual orientation perception using chronometric pre-stimulus TMS |
title_full_unstemmed | Spatially specific vs. unspecific disruption of visual orientation perception using chronometric pre-stimulus TMS |
title_short | Spatially specific vs. unspecific disruption of visual orientation perception using chronometric pre-stimulus TMS |
title_sort | spatially specific vs. unspecific disruption of visual orientation perception using chronometric pre-stimulus tms |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4311643/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25688194 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00005 |
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