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Host switching in a generalist parasitoid: contrasting transient and transgenerational costs associated with novel and original host species

Parasitoids face challenges by switching between host species that influence survival and fitness, determine their role in structuring communities, influence species invasions, and affect their importance as biocontrol agents. In the generalist parasitoid, Venturia canescens (Gravenhorst) (Hymenopte...

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Autores principales: Jones, Thomas S, Bilton, Adam R, Mak, Lorraine, Sait, Steven M
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4314276/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25691971
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1333
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author Jones, Thomas S
Bilton, Adam R
Mak, Lorraine
Sait, Steven M
author_facet Jones, Thomas S
Bilton, Adam R
Mak, Lorraine
Sait, Steven M
author_sort Jones, Thomas S
collection PubMed
description Parasitoids face challenges by switching between host species that influence survival and fitness, determine their role in structuring communities, influence species invasions, and affect their importance as biocontrol agents. In the generalist parasitoid, Venturia canescens (Gravenhorst) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), we investigated the costs in encapsulation, survival, and body size on juveniles when adult parasitoids switched from their original host, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidotera, Pyralidae) to a novel host, Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae), over multiple generations. Switching had an initial survival cost for juvenile parasitoids in the novel host, but increased survival occurred within two generations. Conversely, mortality in the original host increased. Body size, a proxy for fecundity, also increased with the number of generations in the novel host species, reflecting adaptation or maternal effects due to the larger size of the novel host, and therefore greater resources available to the developing parasitoid. Switching to a novel host appears to have initial costs for a parasitoid, even when the novel host may be better quality, but the costs rapidly diminish. We predict that the net cost of switching to a novel host for parasitoids will be complex and will depend on the initial reduction in fitness from parasitizing a novel host versus local adaptations against parasitoids in the original host.
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spelling pubmed-43142762015-02-17 Host switching in a generalist parasitoid: contrasting transient and transgenerational costs associated with novel and original host species Jones, Thomas S Bilton, Adam R Mak, Lorraine Sait, Steven M Ecol Evol Original Research Parasitoids face challenges by switching between host species that influence survival and fitness, determine their role in structuring communities, influence species invasions, and affect their importance as biocontrol agents. In the generalist parasitoid, Venturia canescens (Gravenhorst) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), we investigated the costs in encapsulation, survival, and body size on juveniles when adult parasitoids switched from their original host, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidotera, Pyralidae) to a novel host, Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae), over multiple generations. Switching had an initial survival cost for juvenile parasitoids in the novel host, but increased survival occurred within two generations. Conversely, mortality in the original host increased. Body size, a proxy for fecundity, also increased with the number of generations in the novel host species, reflecting adaptation or maternal effects due to the larger size of the novel host, and therefore greater resources available to the developing parasitoid. Switching to a novel host appears to have initial costs for a parasitoid, even when the novel host may be better quality, but the costs rapidly diminish. We predict that the net cost of switching to a novel host for parasitoids will be complex and will depend on the initial reduction in fitness from parasitizing a novel host versus local adaptations against parasitoids in the original host. BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2015-01 2015-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4314276/ /pubmed/25691971 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1333 Text en © 2015 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Jones, Thomas S
Bilton, Adam R
Mak, Lorraine
Sait, Steven M
Host switching in a generalist parasitoid: contrasting transient and transgenerational costs associated with novel and original host species
title Host switching in a generalist parasitoid: contrasting transient and transgenerational costs associated with novel and original host species
title_full Host switching in a generalist parasitoid: contrasting transient and transgenerational costs associated with novel and original host species
title_fullStr Host switching in a generalist parasitoid: contrasting transient and transgenerational costs associated with novel and original host species
title_full_unstemmed Host switching in a generalist parasitoid: contrasting transient and transgenerational costs associated with novel and original host species
title_short Host switching in a generalist parasitoid: contrasting transient and transgenerational costs associated with novel and original host species
title_sort host switching in a generalist parasitoid: contrasting transient and transgenerational costs associated with novel and original host species
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4314276/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25691971
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1333
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