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Influenza virus infection is associated with increased risk of death amongst patients hospitalized with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa, 2010–2011
BACKGROUND: Data on the association between influenza and tuberculosis are limited. We describe the characteristics of patients with laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis, laboratory-confirmed influenza and tuberculosis-influenza co-infection. METHODS: Patients hospitalized with severe respiratory illne...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4316613/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25623944 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-0746-x |
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author | Walaza, Sibongile Tempia, Stefano Dawood, Halima Variava, Ebrahim Moyes, Jocelyn Cohen, Adam L Wolter, Nicole Groome, Michelle von Mollendorf, Claire Kahn, Kathleen Pretorius, Marthi Venter, Marietjie Madhi, Shabir A Cohen, Cheryl |
author_facet | Walaza, Sibongile Tempia, Stefano Dawood, Halima Variava, Ebrahim Moyes, Jocelyn Cohen, Adam L Wolter, Nicole Groome, Michelle von Mollendorf, Claire Kahn, Kathleen Pretorius, Marthi Venter, Marietjie Madhi, Shabir A Cohen, Cheryl |
author_sort | Walaza, Sibongile |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Data on the association between influenza and tuberculosis are limited. We describe the characteristics of patients with laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis, laboratory-confirmed influenza and tuberculosis-influenza co-infection. METHODS: Patients hospitalized with severe respiratory illness (acute and chronic) were enrolled prospectively in four provinces in South Africa. Naso/oropharyngeal specimens were tested for influenza virus by real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Tuberculosis testing was conducted as part of clinical management. RESULTS: From June 2010 through December 2011, 8032 patients were enrolled and influenza testing was conducted on 7863 (98%). Influenza virus was detected in 765 (10%) patients. Among 2959 patients with tuberculosis and influenza results, 2227 (75%) were negative for both pathogens, 423 (14%) were positive for tuberculosis alone, 275 (9%) were positive for influenza alone and 34 (1%) had influenza and tuberculosis co-infection. On multivariable analysis amongst individuals with symptoms for ≥7 days, tuberculosis influenza co-infection was associated with increased risk of death, (adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR) (6.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6-23.4), as compared to tuberculosis only infection. This association was not observed in individuals with symptoms for <7 days (aRRR.0.8, 95% CI 0.1-7.0). CONCLUSION: Tuberculosis and influenza co-infection compared to tuberculosis single infection was associated with increased risk of death in individuals with symptoms ≥7 days. The potential public health impact of influenza vaccination among persons with laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis should be explored. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4316613 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43166132015-02-05 Influenza virus infection is associated with increased risk of death amongst patients hospitalized with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa, 2010–2011 Walaza, Sibongile Tempia, Stefano Dawood, Halima Variava, Ebrahim Moyes, Jocelyn Cohen, Adam L Wolter, Nicole Groome, Michelle von Mollendorf, Claire Kahn, Kathleen Pretorius, Marthi Venter, Marietjie Madhi, Shabir A Cohen, Cheryl BMC Infect Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: Data on the association between influenza and tuberculosis are limited. We describe the characteristics of patients with laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis, laboratory-confirmed influenza and tuberculosis-influenza co-infection. METHODS: Patients hospitalized with severe respiratory illness (acute and chronic) were enrolled prospectively in four provinces in South Africa. Naso/oropharyngeal specimens were tested for influenza virus by real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Tuberculosis testing was conducted as part of clinical management. RESULTS: From June 2010 through December 2011, 8032 patients were enrolled and influenza testing was conducted on 7863 (98%). Influenza virus was detected in 765 (10%) patients. Among 2959 patients with tuberculosis and influenza results, 2227 (75%) were negative for both pathogens, 423 (14%) were positive for tuberculosis alone, 275 (9%) were positive for influenza alone and 34 (1%) had influenza and tuberculosis co-infection. On multivariable analysis amongst individuals with symptoms for ≥7 days, tuberculosis influenza co-infection was associated with increased risk of death, (adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR) (6.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6-23.4), as compared to tuberculosis only infection. This association was not observed in individuals with symptoms for <7 days (aRRR.0.8, 95% CI 0.1-7.0). CONCLUSION: Tuberculosis and influenza co-infection compared to tuberculosis single infection was associated with increased risk of death in individuals with symptoms ≥7 days. The potential public health impact of influenza vaccination among persons with laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis should be explored. BioMed Central 2015-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4316613/ /pubmed/25623944 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-0746-x Text en © Walaza et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Walaza, Sibongile Tempia, Stefano Dawood, Halima Variava, Ebrahim Moyes, Jocelyn Cohen, Adam L Wolter, Nicole Groome, Michelle von Mollendorf, Claire Kahn, Kathleen Pretorius, Marthi Venter, Marietjie Madhi, Shabir A Cohen, Cheryl Influenza virus infection is associated with increased risk of death amongst patients hospitalized with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa, 2010–2011 |
title | Influenza virus infection is associated with increased risk of death amongst patients hospitalized with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa, 2010–2011 |
title_full | Influenza virus infection is associated with increased risk of death amongst patients hospitalized with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa, 2010–2011 |
title_fullStr | Influenza virus infection is associated with increased risk of death amongst patients hospitalized with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa, 2010–2011 |
title_full_unstemmed | Influenza virus infection is associated with increased risk of death amongst patients hospitalized with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa, 2010–2011 |
title_short | Influenza virus infection is associated with increased risk of death amongst patients hospitalized with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa, 2010–2011 |
title_sort | influenza virus infection is associated with increased risk of death amongst patients hospitalized with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in south africa, 2010–2011 |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4316613/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25623944 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-0746-x |
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