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The Expression and Regulation of Chemerin in the Epidermis

Chemerin is a protein ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor CMKLR1 and also binds to two atypical heptahelical receptors, CCRL2 and GPR1. Chemerin is a leukocyte attractant, adipokine, and antimicrobial protein. Although chemerin was initially identified as a highly expressed gene in healthy ski...

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Autores principales: Banas, Magdalena, Zegar, Aneta, Kwitniewski, Mateusz, Zabieglo, Katarzyna, Marczynska, Joanna, Kapinska-Mrowiecka, Monika, LaJevic, Melissa, Zabel, Brian A., Cichy, Joanna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4320080/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25659101
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117830
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author Banas, Magdalena
Zegar, Aneta
Kwitniewski, Mateusz
Zabieglo, Katarzyna
Marczynska, Joanna
Kapinska-Mrowiecka, Monika
LaJevic, Melissa
Zabel, Brian A.
Cichy, Joanna
author_facet Banas, Magdalena
Zegar, Aneta
Kwitniewski, Mateusz
Zabieglo, Katarzyna
Marczynska, Joanna
Kapinska-Mrowiecka, Monika
LaJevic, Melissa
Zabel, Brian A.
Cichy, Joanna
author_sort Banas, Magdalena
collection PubMed
description Chemerin is a protein ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor CMKLR1 and also binds to two atypical heptahelical receptors, CCRL2 and GPR1. Chemerin is a leukocyte attractant, adipokine, and antimicrobial protein. Although chemerin was initially identified as a highly expressed gene in healthy skin keratinocytes that was downregulated during psoriasis, the regulation of chemerin and its receptors in the skin by specific cytokines and microbial factors remains unexplored. Here we show that chemerin, CMKLR1, CCRL2 and GPR1 are expressed in human and mouse epidermis, suggesting that this tissue may be both a source and target for chemerin mediated effects. In human skin cultures, chemerin is significantly downregulated by IL-17 and IL-22, key cytokines implicated in psoriasis, whereas it is upregulated by acute phase cytokines oncostatin M and IL-1β. Moreover, we show that human keratinocytes in vitro and mouse skin in vivo respond to specific microbial signals to regulate expression levels of chemerin and its receptors. Furthermore, in a cutaneous infection model, chemerin is required for maximal bactericidal effects in vivo. Together, our findings reveal previously uncharacterized regulators of chemerin expression in skin and identify a physiologic role for chemerin in skin barrier defense against microbial pathogens.
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spelling pubmed-43200802015-02-18 The Expression and Regulation of Chemerin in the Epidermis Banas, Magdalena Zegar, Aneta Kwitniewski, Mateusz Zabieglo, Katarzyna Marczynska, Joanna Kapinska-Mrowiecka, Monika LaJevic, Melissa Zabel, Brian A. Cichy, Joanna PLoS One Research Article Chemerin is a protein ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor CMKLR1 and also binds to two atypical heptahelical receptors, CCRL2 and GPR1. Chemerin is a leukocyte attractant, adipokine, and antimicrobial protein. Although chemerin was initially identified as a highly expressed gene in healthy skin keratinocytes that was downregulated during psoriasis, the regulation of chemerin and its receptors in the skin by specific cytokines and microbial factors remains unexplored. Here we show that chemerin, CMKLR1, CCRL2 and GPR1 are expressed in human and mouse epidermis, suggesting that this tissue may be both a source and target for chemerin mediated effects. In human skin cultures, chemerin is significantly downregulated by IL-17 and IL-22, key cytokines implicated in psoriasis, whereas it is upregulated by acute phase cytokines oncostatin M and IL-1β. Moreover, we show that human keratinocytes in vitro and mouse skin in vivo respond to specific microbial signals to regulate expression levels of chemerin and its receptors. Furthermore, in a cutaneous infection model, chemerin is required for maximal bactericidal effects in vivo. Together, our findings reveal previously uncharacterized regulators of chemerin expression in skin and identify a physiologic role for chemerin in skin barrier defense against microbial pathogens. Public Library of Science 2015-02-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4320080/ /pubmed/25659101 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117830 Text en © 2015 Banas et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Banas, Magdalena
Zegar, Aneta
Kwitniewski, Mateusz
Zabieglo, Katarzyna
Marczynska, Joanna
Kapinska-Mrowiecka, Monika
LaJevic, Melissa
Zabel, Brian A.
Cichy, Joanna
The Expression and Regulation of Chemerin in the Epidermis
title The Expression and Regulation of Chemerin in the Epidermis
title_full The Expression and Regulation of Chemerin in the Epidermis
title_fullStr The Expression and Regulation of Chemerin in the Epidermis
title_full_unstemmed The Expression and Regulation of Chemerin in the Epidermis
title_short The Expression and Regulation of Chemerin in the Epidermis
title_sort expression and regulation of chemerin in the epidermis
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4320080/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25659101
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117830
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