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Genotyping of Endosperms to Determine Seed Dormancy Genes Regulating Germination Through Embryonic, Endospermic, or Maternal Tissues in Rice

Seed dormancy is imposed by one or more of the embryo, endosperm, and maternal tissues that belong to two generations and represent two ploidy levels. Many quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been identified for seed dormancy as measured by gross effects on reduced germination rate or delayed germina...

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Autores principales: Gu, Xing-You, Zhang, Jinfeng, Ye, Heng, Zhang, Lihua, Feng, Jiuhuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Genetics Society of America 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4321027/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25480961
http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.114.015362
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author Gu, Xing-You
Zhang, Jinfeng
Ye, Heng
Zhang, Lihua
Feng, Jiuhuan
author_facet Gu, Xing-You
Zhang, Jinfeng
Ye, Heng
Zhang, Lihua
Feng, Jiuhuan
author_sort Gu, Xing-You
collection PubMed
description Seed dormancy is imposed by one or more of the embryo, endosperm, and maternal tissues that belong to two generations and represent two ploidy levels. Many quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been identified for seed dormancy as measured by gross effects on reduced germination rate or delayed germination in crop or model plants. This research developed an endosperm genotype−based genetic approach to determine specific tissues through which a mapped QTL regulates germination using rice as a model. This approach involves testing germination velocity for partially after-ripened seeds harvested from single plants heterozygous for a tested QTL and genotyping endosperms from individual germinated and nongerminated seeds with a codominant DNA marker located on the QTL peak region. Information collected about the QTL includes genotypic frequencies in germinated and/or nongerminated subpopulations; allelic frequency distributions during a germination period; endosperm or embryo genotypic differences in germination velocity; and genotypic frequencies for gametes involved in the double fertilization to form the sampled seeds. Using this approach, the seed dormancy loci SD(12), SD(1-2), and SD(7-1) were determined to regulate germination through the embryo, endosperm, and maternal tissues, respectively; SD(12) and SD(1-2) acted additively on germination velocity in the offspring tissues; and SD(12) also was associated with the preferential fertilization of male gametes in rice. This new genetic approach can be used to characterize mapped genes/QTL for tissue-specific functions in endospermic seeds and for marker-assisted selection of QTL alleles before or immediately after germination in crop breeding.
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spelling pubmed-43210272015-02-18 Genotyping of Endosperms to Determine Seed Dormancy Genes Regulating Germination Through Embryonic, Endospermic, or Maternal Tissues in Rice Gu, Xing-You Zhang, Jinfeng Ye, Heng Zhang, Lihua Feng, Jiuhuan G3 (Bethesda) Investigations Seed dormancy is imposed by one or more of the embryo, endosperm, and maternal tissues that belong to two generations and represent two ploidy levels. Many quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been identified for seed dormancy as measured by gross effects on reduced germination rate or delayed germination in crop or model plants. This research developed an endosperm genotype−based genetic approach to determine specific tissues through which a mapped QTL regulates germination using rice as a model. This approach involves testing germination velocity for partially after-ripened seeds harvested from single plants heterozygous for a tested QTL and genotyping endosperms from individual germinated and nongerminated seeds with a codominant DNA marker located on the QTL peak region. Information collected about the QTL includes genotypic frequencies in germinated and/or nongerminated subpopulations; allelic frequency distributions during a germination period; endosperm or embryo genotypic differences in germination velocity; and genotypic frequencies for gametes involved in the double fertilization to form the sampled seeds. Using this approach, the seed dormancy loci SD(12), SD(1-2), and SD(7-1) were determined to regulate germination through the embryo, endosperm, and maternal tissues, respectively; SD(12) and SD(1-2) acted additively on germination velocity in the offspring tissues; and SD(12) also was associated with the preferential fertilization of male gametes in rice. This new genetic approach can be used to characterize mapped genes/QTL for tissue-specific functions in endospermic seeds and for marker-assisted selection of QTL alleles before or immediately after germination in crop breeding. Genetics Society of America 2014-12-04 /pmc/articles/PMC4321027/ /pubmed/25480961 http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.114.015362 Text en Copyright © 2015 Gu et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Unported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Investigations
Gu, Xing-You
Zhang, Jinfeng
Ye, Heng
Zhang, Lihua
Feng, Jiuhuan
Genotyping of Endosperms to Determine Seed Dormancy Genes Regulating Germination Through Embryonic, Endospermic, or Maternal Tissues in Rice
title Genotyping of Endosperms to Determine Seed Dormancy Genes Regulating Germination Through Embryonic, Endospermic, or Maternal Tissues in Rice
title_full Genotyping of Endosperms to Determine Seed Dormancy Genes Regulating Germination Through Embryonic, Endospermic, or Maternal Tissues in Rice
title_fullStr Genotyping of Endosperms to Determine Seed Dormancy Genes Regulating Germination Through Embryonic, Endospermic, or Maternal Tissues in Rice
title_full_unstemmed Genotyping of Endosperms to Determine Seed Dormancy Genes Regulating Germination Through Embryonic, Endospermic, or Maternal Tissues in Rice
title_short Genotyping of Endosperms to Determine Seed Dormancy Genes Regulating Germination Through Embryonic, Endospermic, or Maternal Tissues in Rice
title_sort genotyping of endosperms to determine seed dormancy genes regulating germination through embryonic, endospermic, or maternal tissues in rice
topic Investigations
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4321027/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25480961
http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.114.015362
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