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In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices
Processes responsible for improvements in motor performance are often contrasted in an explicit and an implicit part. Explicit learning enables task success by using strategic (declarative) knowledge. Implicit learning refers to a change in motor performance without conscious effort. In this study,...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4322639/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25713526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00050 |
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author | Leukel, Christian Gollhofer, Albert Taube, Wolfgang |
author_facet | Leukel, Christian Gollhofer, Albert Taube, Wolfgang |
author_sort | Leukel, Christian |
collection | PubMed |
description | Processes responsible for improvements in motor performance are often contrasted in an explicit and an implicit part. Explicit learning enables task success by using strategic (declarative) knowledge. Implicit learning refers to a change in motor performance without conscious effort. In this study, we tested the contribution of explicit and implicit processes in a visuomotor adaptation task in subjects with different expertise in the task they were asked to adapt. Thirty handball players (Experts) and 30 subjects without handball experience (Novices) participated. Three experiments tested visuomotor adaptation of a free throw in team handball using prismatic glasses. The difference between experiments was that in Experiment 2 and 3, contribution of explicit processes was prevented, whereas Experiment 1 allowed contribution of explicit and implicit processes. Retention was assessed in Experiment 3. There were three main findings: (i) contribution of explicit processes to adaptation was stronger in Experts than Novices (Experiment 1); (ii) adaptation took longer in Experts when preventing contribution of explicit processes (Experiment 2); and (iii) retention was stronger in Experts (Experiment 3). This study shows that learning processes involved in visuomotor adaptation change by expertise, with more involvement of explicit processes and most likely other implicit processes to adaptation in Experts. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4322639 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43226392015-02-24 In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices Leukel, Christian Gollhofer, Albert Taube, Wolfgang Front Hum Neurosci Neuroscience Processes responsible for improvements in motor performance are often contrasted in an explicit and an implicit part. Explicit learning enables task success by using strategic (declarative) knowledge. Implicit learning refers to a change in motor performance without conscious effort. In this study, we tested the contribution of explicit and implicit processes in a visuomotor adaptation task in subjects with different expertise in the task they were asked to adapt. Thirty handball players (Experts) and 30 subjects without handball experience (Novices) participated. Three experiments tested visuomotor adaptation of a free throw in team handball using prismatic glasses. The difference between experiments was that in Experiment 2 and 3, contribution of explicit processes was prevented, whereas Experiment 1 allowed contribution of explicit and implicit processes. Retention was assessed in Experiment 3. There were three main findings: (i) contribution of explicit processes to adaptation was stronger in Experts than Novices (Experiment 1); (ii) adaptation took longer in Experts when preventing contribution of explicit processes (Experiment 2); and (iii) retention was stronger in Experts (Experiment 3). This study shows that learning processes involved in visuomotor adaptation change by expertise, with more involvement of explicit processes and most likely other implicit processes to adaptation in Experts. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4322639/ /pubmed/25713526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00050 Text en Copyright © 2015 Leukel, Gollhofer and Taube. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Leukel, Christian Gollhofer, Albert Taube, Wolfgang In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices |
title | In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices |
title_full | In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices |
title_fullStr | In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices |
title_full_unstemmed | In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices |
title_short | In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices |
title_sort | in experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in novices |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4322639/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25713526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00050 |
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