Cargando…

In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices

Processes responsible for improvements in motor performance are often contrasted in an explicit and an implicit part. Explicit learning enables task success by using strategic (declarative) knowledge. Implicit learning refers to a change in motor performance without conscious effort. In this study,...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Leukel, Christian, Gollhofer, Albert, Taube, Wolfgang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4322639/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25713526
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00050
_version_ 1782356421079203840
author Leukel, Christian
Gollhofer, Albert
Taube, Wolfgang
author_facet Leukel, Christian
Gollhofer, Albert
Taube, Wolfgang
author_sort Leukel, Christian
collection PubMed
description Processes responsible for improvements in motor performance are often contrasted in an explicit and an implicit part. Explicit learning enables task success by using strategic (declarative) knowledge. Implicit learning refers to a change in motor performance without conscious effort. In this study, we tested the contribution of explicit and implicit processes in a visuomotor adaptation task in subjects with different expertise in the task they were asked to adapt. Thirty handball players (Experts) and 30 subjects without handball experience (Novices) participated. Three experiments tested visuomotor adaptation of a free throw in team handball using prismatic glasses. The difference between experiments was that in Experiment 2 and 3, contribution of explicit processes was prevented, whereas Experiment 1 allowed contribution of explicit and implicit processes. Retention was assessed in Experiment 3. There were three main findings: (i) contribution of explicit processes to adaptation was stronger in Experts than Novices (Experiment 1); (ii) adaptation took longer in Experts when preventing contribution of explicit processes (Experiment 2); and (iii) retention was stronger in Experts (Experiment 3). This study shows that learning processes involved in visuomotor adaptation change by expertise, with more involvement of explicit processes and most likely other implicit processes to adaptation in Experts.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4322639
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2015
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-43226392015-02-24 In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices Leukel, Christian Gollhofer, Albert Taube, Wolfgang Front Hum Neurosci Neuroscience Processes responsible for improvements in motor performance are often contrasted in an explicit and an implicit part. Explicit learning enables task success by using strategic (declarative) knowledge. Implicit learning refers to a change in motor performance without conscious effort. In this study, we tested the contribution of explicit and implicit processes in a visuomotor adaptation task in subjects with different expertise in the task they were asked to adapt. Thirty handball players (Experts) and 30 subjects without handball experience (Novices) participated. Three experiments tested visuomotor adaptation of a free throw in team handball using prismatic glasses. The difference between experiments was that in Experiment 2 and 3, contribution of explicit processes was prevented, whereas Experiment 1 allowed contribution of explicit and implicit processes. Retention was assessed in Experiment 3. There were three main findings: (i) contribution of explicit processes to adaptation was stronger in Experts than Novices (Experiment 1); (ii) adaptation took longer in Experts when preventing contribution of explicit processes (Experiment 2); and (iii) retention was stronger in Experts (Experiment 3). This study shows that learning processes involved in visuomotor adaptation change by expertise, with more involvement of explicit processes and most likely other implicit processes to adaptation in Experts. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4322639/ /pubmed/25713526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00050 Text en Copyright © 2015 Leukel, Gollhofer and Taube. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Leukel, Christian
Gollhofer, Albert
Taube, Wolfgang
In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices
title In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices
title_full In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices
title_fullStr In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices
title_full_unstemmed In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices
title_short In Experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in Novices
title_sort in experts, underlying processes that drive visuomotor adaptation are different than in novices
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4322639/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25713526
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00050
work_keys_str_mv AT leukelchristian inexpertsunderlyingprocessesthatdrivevisuomotoradaptationaredifferentthaninnovices
AT gollhoferalbert inexpertsunderlyingprocessesthatdrivevisuomotoradaptationaredifferentthaninnovices
AT taubewolfgang inexpertsunderlyingprocessesthatdrivevisuomotoradaptationaredifferentthaninnovices