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Carotenoid accumulation affects redox status, starch metabolism, and flavonoid/anthocyanin accumulation in citrus

BACKGROUND: Carotenoids are indispensable plant secondary metabolites that are involved in photosynthesis, antioxidation, and phytohormone biosynthesis. Carotenoids are likely involved in other biological functions that have yet to be discovered. In this study, we integrated genomic, biochemical, an...

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Autores principales: Cao, Hongbo, Wang, Jiangbo, Dong, Xintian, Han, Yan, Ma, Qiaoli, Ding, Yuduan, Zhao, Fei, Zhang, Jiancheng, Chen, Haijiang, Xu, Qiang, Xu, Juan, Deng, Xiuxin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4323224/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25644332
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-015-0426-4
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author Cao, Hongbo
Wang, Jiangbo
Dong, Xintian
Han, Yan
Ma, Qiaoli
Ding, Yuduan
Zhao, Fei
Zhang, Jiancheng
Chen, Haijiang
Xu, Qiang
Xu, Juan
Deng, Xiuxin
author_facet Cao, Hongbo
Wang, Jiangbo
Dong, Xintian
Han, Yan
Ma, Qiaoli
Ding, Yuduan
Zhao, Fei
Zhang, Jiancheng
Chen, Haijiang
Xu, Qiang
Xu, Juan
Deng, Xiuxin
author_sort Cao, Hongbo
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Carotenoids are indispensable plant secondary metabolites that are involved in photosynthesis, antioxidation, and phytohormone biosynthesis. Carotenoids are likely involved in other biological functions that have yet to be discovered. In this study, we integrated genomic, biochemical, and cellular studies to gain deep insight into carotenoid-related biological processes in citrus calli overexpressing CrtB (phytoene synthase from Pantoea agglomerans). Fortunella hindsii Swingle (a citrus relative) and Malus hupehensis (a wild apple) calli were also utilized as supporting systems to investigate the effect of altered carotenoid accumulation on carotenoid-related biological processes. RESULTS: Transcriptomic analysis provided deep insight into the carotenoid-related biological processes of redox status, starch metabolism, and flavonoid/anthocyanin accumulation. By applying biochemical and cytological analyses, we determined that the altered redox status was associated with variations in O(2)(-) and H(2)O(2) levels. We also ascertained a decline in starch accumulation in carotenoid-rich calli. Furthermore, via an extensive cellular investigation of the newly constructed CrtB overexpressing Fortunella hindsii Swingle, we demonstrated that starch level reducation occurred in parallel with significant carotenoid accumulation. Moreover, studying anthocyanin-rich Malus hupehensis calli showed a negative effect of carotenoids on anthocyanin accumulation. CONCLUSIONS: In citrus, altered carotenoid accumulation resulted in dramatic effects on metabolic processes involved in redox modification, starch degradation, and flavonoid/anthocyanin biosynthesis. These findings provided new perspectives to understand the biological importance of carotenogenesis and of the developmental processes associated with the nutritional and sensory qualities of agricultural products that accumulate carotenoids. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0426-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-43232242015-02-11 Carotenoid accumulation affects redox status, starch metabolism, and flavonoid/anthocyanin accumulation in citrus Cao, Hongbo Wang, Jiangbo Dong, Xintian Han, Yan Ma, Qiaoli Ding, Yuduan Zhao, Fei Zhang, Jiancheng Chen, Haijiang Xu, Qiang Xu, Juan Deng, Xiuxin BMC Plant Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Carotenoids are indispensable plant secondary metabolites that are involved in photosynthesis, antioxidation, and phytohormone biosynthesis. Carotenoids are likely involved in other biological functions that have yet to be discovered. In this study, we integrated genomic, biochemical, and cellular studies to gain deep insight into carotenoid-related biological processes in citrus calli overexpressing CrtB (phytoene synthase from Pantoea agglomerans). Fortunella hindsii Swingle (a citrus relative) and Malus hupehensis (a wild apple) calli were also utilized as supporting systems to investigate the effect of altered carotenoid accumulation on carotenoid-related biological processes. RESULTS: Transcriptomic analysis provided deep insight into the carotenoid-related biological processes of redox status, starch metabolism, and flavonoid/anthocyanin accumulation. By applying biochemical and cytological analyses, we determined that the altered redox status was associated with variations in O(2)(-) and H(2)O(2) levels. We also ascertained a decline in starch accumulation in carotenoid-rich calli. Furthermore, via an extensive cellular investigation of the newly constructed CrtB overexpressing Fortunella hindsii Swingle, we demonstrated that starch level reducation occurred in parallel with significant carotenoid accumulation. Moreover, studying anthocyanin-rich Malus hupehensis calli showed a negative effect of carotenoids on anthocyanin accumulation. CONCLUSIONS: In citrus, altered carotenoid accumulation resulted in dramatic effects on metabolic processes involved in redox modification, starch degradation, and flavonoid/anthocyanin biosynthesis. These findings provided new perspectives to understand the biological importance of carotenogenesis and of the developmental processes associated with the nutritional and sensory qualities of agricultural products that accumulate carotenoids. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0426-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2015-02-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4323224/ /pubmed/25644332 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-015-0426-4 Text en © Cao et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Cao, Hongbo
Wang, Jiangbo
Dong, Xintian
Han, Yan
Ma, Qiaoli
Ding, Yuduan
Zhao, Fei
Zhang, Jiancheng
Chen, Haijiang
Xu, Qiang
Xu, Juan
Deng, Xiuxin
Carotenoid accumulation affects redox status, starch metabolism, and flavonoid/anthocyanin accumulation in citrus
title Carotenoid accumulation affects redox status, starch metabolism, and flavonoid/anthocyanin accumulation in citrus
title_full Carotenoid accumulation affects redox status, starch metabolism, and flavonoid/anthocyanin accumulation in citrus
title_fullStr Carotenoid accumulation affects redox status, starch metabolism, and flavonoid/anthocyanin accumulation in citrus
title_full_unstemmed Carotenoid accumulation affects redox status, starch metabolism, and flavonoid/anthocyanin accumulation in citrus
title_short Carotenoid accumulation affects redox status, starch metabolism, and flavonoid/anthocyanin accumulation in citrus
title_sort carotenoid accumulation affects redox status, starch metabolism, and flavonoid/anthocyanin accumulation in citrus
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4323224/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25644332
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-015-0426-4
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