Topical Interferon Alpha-2b for Treatment of Noninvasive Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia with 360° Limbal Involvement

PURPOSE: To report the results of topical interferon alpha-2b (IFNα2b) for the treatment of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) with 360° limbal involvement. METHODS: In a prospective observational study, five patients with biopsy proven primary or recurrent OSSN with 360° limbal involvement received topical IFNα2b (3 million IU/ml, 4 times daily) and were followed from 8 to 12 months. Outcome measures included resolution of the lesion, relief of symptoms, systemic and ocular side effects, and recurrence rate. RESULTS: Five patients including 4 primary OSSNs and one recurrent OSSN received topical interferon alpha-2b. The mean age was 60.2 (range: 52–73) years and mean follow up duration was 10.2 months. Clinical resolution of the tumor occurred in all cases 2 months after initiation of treatment and no patient developed ocular or systemic complications. No recurrence of OSSN developed during the follow up period. CONCLUSION: Topical recombinant IFNα2b appears to be an effective alternative treatment for OSSN with 360° limbal involvement. This approach precludes the high risk of limbal stem cell deficiency which results from surgical excision or topical chemotherapeutic agents.