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Neuronal networks with NMDARs and lateral inhibition implement winner-takes-all

A neural circuit that relies on the electrical properties of NMDA synaptic receptors is shown by numerical and theoretical analysis to be capable of realizing the winner-takes-all function, a powerful computational primitive that is often attributed to biological nervous systems. This biophysically-...

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Autor principal: Shoemaker, Patrick A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4332340/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25741276
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2015.00012
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author Shoemaker, Patrick A.
author_facet Shoemaker, Patrick A.
author_sort Shoemaker, Patrick A.
collection PubMed
description A neural circuit that relies on the electrical properties of NMDA synaptic receptors is shown by numerical and theoretical analysis to be capable of realizing the winner-takes-all function, a powerful computational primitive that is often attributed to biological nervous systems. This biophysically-plausible model employs global lateral inhibition in a simple feedback arrangement. As its inputs increase, high-gain and then bi- or multi-stable equilibrium states may be assumed in which there is significant depolarization of a single neuron and hyperpolarization or very weak depolarization of other neurons in the network. The state of the winning neuron conveys analog information about its input. The winner-takes-all characteristic depends on the nonmonotonic current-voltage relation of NMDA receptor ion channels, as well as neural thresholding, and the gain and nature of the inhibitory feedback. Dynamical regimes vary with input strength. Fixed points may become unstable as the network enters a winner-takes-all regime, which can lead to entrained oscillations. Under some conditions, oscillatory behavior can be interpreted as winner-takes-all in nature. Stable winner-takes-all behavior is typically recovered as inputs increase further, but with still larger inputs, the winner-takes-all characteristic is ultimately lost. Network stability may be enhanced by biologically plausible mechanisms.
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spelling pubmed-43323402015-03-04 Neuronal networks with NMDARs and lateral inhibition implement winner-takes-all Shoemaker, Patrick A. Front Comput Neurosci Neuroscience A neural circuit that relies on the electrical properties of NMDA synaptic receptors is shown by numerical and theoretical analysis to be capable of realizing the winner-takes-all function, a powerful computational primitive that is often attributed to biological nervous systems. This biophysically-plausible model employs global lateral inhibition in a simple feedback arrangement. As its inputs increase, high-gain and then bi- or multi-stable equilibrium states may be assumed in which there is significant depolarization of a single neuron and hyperpolarization or very weak depolarization of other neurons in the network. The state of the winning neuron conveys analog information about its input. The winner-takes-all characteristic depends on the nonmonotonic current-voltage relation of NMDA receptor ion channels, as well as neural thresholding, and the gain and nature of the inhibitory feedback. Dynamical regimes vary with input strength. Fixed points may become unstable as the network enters a winner-takes-all regime, which can lead to entrained oscillations. Under some conditions, oscillatory behavior can be interpreted as winner-takes-all in nature. Stable winner-takes-all behavior is typically recovered as inputs increase further, but with still larger inputs, the winner-takes-all characteristic is ultimately lost. Network stability may be enhanced by biologically plausible mechanisms. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4332340/ /pubmed/25741276 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2015.00012 Text en Copyright © 2015 Shoemaker. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Shoemaker, Patrick A.
Neuronal networks with NMDARs and lateral inhibition implement winner-takes-all
title Neuronal networks with NMDARs and lateral inhibition implement winner-takes-all
title_full Neuronal networks with NMDARs and lateral inhibition implement winner-takes-all
title_fullStr Neuronal networks with NMDARs and lateral inhibition implement winner-takes-all
title_full_unstemmed Neuronal networks with NMDARs and lateral inhibition implement winner-takes-all
title_short Neuronal networks with NMDARs and lateral inhibition implement winner-takes-all
title_sort neuronal networks with nmdars and lateral inhibition implement winner-takes-all
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4332340/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25741276
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2015.00012
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