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Clinical significance of procoagulant microparticles

Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane vesicles that are released from many different cell types by exocytic budding of the plasma membrane in response to cellular activation or apoptosis. MPs may also be involved in clinical diseases because they express phospholipids, which function as procoagula...

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Autores principales: Nomura, Shosaku, Shimizu, Michiomi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4336124/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25705427
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40560-014-0066-z
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author Nomura, Shosaku
Shimizu, Michiomi
author_facet Nomura, Shosaku
Shimizu, Michiomi
author_sort Nomura, Shosaku
collection PubMed
description Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane vesicles that are released from many different cell types by exocytic budding of the plasma membrane in response to cellular activation or apoptosis. MPs may also be involved in clinical diseases because they express phospholipids, which function as procoagulants. Although flow cytometry is the most widely used method for studying MPs, some novel assays, such as tissue factor-dependent procoagulant assay or the ELISA method, have been reported. However, the use of quantification of MP as a clinical tool is still controversial. Elevated platelet-derived MP, endothelial cell-derived MP, and monocyte-derived MP concentrations are documented in almost all thrombotic diseases occurring in venous and arterial beds. However, the significance of MPs in various clinical conditions remains controversial. An example of this controversy is that it is unknown if MPs found in peripheral blood vessels cause thrombosis or whether they are the result of thrombosis. Numerous studies have shown that not only the quantity, but also the cellular origin and composition of circulating MPs, are dependent on the type of disease, the disease state, and medical treatment. Additionally, many different functions have been attributed to MPs. Therefore, the number and type of clinical disorders associated with elevated MPs are currently increasing. However, MPs were initially thought to be small particles with procoagulant activity. Taken together, our review suggests that MPs may be a useful biomarker to identify thrombosis.
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spelling pubmed-43361242015-02-21 Clinical significance of procoagulant microparticles Nomura, Shosaku Shimizu, Michiomi J Intensive Care Review Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane vesicles that are released from many different cell types by exocytic budding of the plasma membrane in response to cellular activation or apoptosis. MPs may also be involved in clinical diseases because they express phospholipids, which function as procoagulants. Although flow cytometry is the most widely used method for studying MPs, some novel assays, such as tissue factor-dependent procoagulant assay or the ELISA method, have been reported. However, the use of quantification of MP as a clinical tool is still controversial. Elevated platelet-derived MP, endothelial cell-derived MP, and monocyte-derived MP concentrations are documented in almost all thrombotic diseases occurring in venous and arterial beds. However, the significance of MPs in various clinical conditions remains controversial. An example of this controversy is that it is unknown if MPs found in peripheral blood vessels cause thrombosis or whether they are the result of thrombosis. Numerous studies have shown that not only the quantity, but also the cellular origin and composition of circulating MPs, are dependent on the type of disease, the disease state, and medical treatment. Additionally, many different functions have been attributed to MPs. Therefore, the number and type of clinical disorders associated with elevated MPs are currently increasing. However, MPs were initially thought to be small particles with procoagulant activity. Taken together, our review suggests that MPs may be a useful biomarker to identify thrombosis. BioMed Central 2015-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC4336124/ /pubmed/25705427 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40560-014-0066-z Text en © Nomura and Shimizu; licensee BioMed Central. 2015 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Review
Nomura, Shosaku
Shimizu, Michiomi
Clinical significance of procoagulant microparticles
title Clinical significance of procoagulant microparticles
title_full Clinical significance of procoagulant microparticles
title_fullStr Clinical significance of procoagulant microparticles
title_full_unstemmed Clinical significance of procoagulant microparticles
title_short Clinical significance of procoagulant microparticles
title_sort clinical significance of procoagulant microparticles
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4336124/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25705427
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40560-014-0066-z
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