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Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians
Neuroinflammation, the inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS), is a major determinant of neuronal function and survival during aging and disease progression. Microglia, as the resident tissue-macrophages of the brain, provide constant support to surrounding neurons in healthy brai...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4337366/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25755635 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2015.00054 |
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author | Lourbopoulos, Athanasios Ertürk, Ali Hellal, Farida |
author_facet | Lourbopoulos, Athanasios Ertürk, Ali Hellal, Farida |
author_sort | Lourbopoulos, Athanasios |
collection | PubMed |
description | Neuroinflammation, the inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS), is a major determinant of neuronal function and survival during aging and disease progression. Microglia, as the resident tissue-macrophages of the brain, provide constant support to surrounding neurons in healthy brain. Upon any stress signal (such as trauma, ischemia, inflammation) they are one of the first cells to react. Local and/or peripheral signals determine microglia stress response, which can vary within a continuum of states from beneficial to detrimental for neuronal survival, and can be shaped by aging and previous insults. In this review, we discuss the roles of microglia upon an ischemic or traumatic injury, and give our perspective how aging may contribute to microglia behavior in the injured brain. We speculate that a deeper understanding of specific microglia identities will pave the way to develop more potent therapeutics to treat the diseases of aging brain. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4337366 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43373662015-03-09 Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians Lourbopoulos, Athanasios Ertürk, Ali Hellal, Farida Front Cell Neurosci Neuroscience Neuroinflammation, the inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS), is a major determinant of neuronal function and survival during aging and disease progression. Microglia, as the resident tissue-macrophages of the brain, provide constant support to surrounding neurons in healthy brain. Upon any stress signal (such as trauma, ischemia, inflammation) they are one of the first cells to react. Local and/or peripheral signals determine microglia stress response, which can vary within a continuum of states from beneficial to detrimental for neuronal survival, and can be shaped by aging and previous insults. In this review, we discuss the roles of microglia upon an ischemic or traumatic injury, and give our perspective how aging may contribute to microglia behavior in the injured brain. We speculate that a deeper understanding of specific microglia identities will pave the way to develop more potent therapeutics to treat the diseases of aging brain. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC4337366/ /pubmed/25755635 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2015.00054 Text en Copyright © 2015 Lourbopoulos, Ertürk and Hellal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Lourbopoulos, Athanasios Ertürk, Ali Hellal, Farida Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians |
title | Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians |
title_full | Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians |
title_fullStr | Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians |
title_full_unstemmed | Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians |
title_short | Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians |
title_sort | microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4337366/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25755635 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2015.00054 |
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