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Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians

Neuroinflammation, the inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS), is a major determinant of neuronal function and survival during aging and disease progression. Microglia, as the resident tissue-macrophages of the brain, provide constant support to surrounding neurons in healthy brai...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lourbopoulos, Athanasios, Ertürk, Ali, Hellal, Farida
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4337366/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25755635
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2015.00054
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author Lourbopoulos, Athanasios
Ertürk, Ali
Hellal, Farida
author_facet Lourbopoulos, Athanasios
Ertürk, Ali
Hellal, Farida
author_sort Lourbopoulos, Athanasios
collection PubMed
description Neuroinflammation, the inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS), is a major determinant of neuronal function and survival during aging and disease progression. Microglia, as the resident tissue-macrophages of the brain, provide constant support to surrounding neurons in healthy brain. Upon any stress signal (such as trauma, ischemia, inflammation) they are one of the first cells to react. Local and/or peripheral signals determine microglia stress response, which can vary within a continuum of states from beneficial to detrimental for neuronal survival, and can be shaped by aging and previous insults. In this review, we discuss the roles of microglia upon an ischemic or traumatic injury, and give our perspective how aging may contribute to microglia behavior in the injured brain. We speculate that a deeper understanding of specific microglia identities will pave the way to develop more potent therapeutics to treat the diseases of aging brain.
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spelling pubmed-43373662015-03-09 Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians Lourbopoulos, Athanasios Ertürk, Ali Hellal, Farida Front Cell Neurosci Neuroscience Neuroinflammation, the inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS), is a major determinant of neuronal function and survival during aging and disease progression. Microglia, as the resident tissue-macrophages of the brain, provide constant support to surrounding neurons in healthy brain. Upon any stress signal (such as trauma, ischemia, inflammation) they are one of the first cells to react. Local and/or peripheral signals determine microglia stress response, which can vary within a continuum of states from beneficial to detrimental for neuronal survival, and can be shaped by aging and previous insults. In this review, we discuss the roles of microglia upon an ischemic or traumatic injury, and give our perspective how aging may contribute to microglia behavior in the injured brain. We speculate that a deeper understanding of specific microglia identities will pave the way to develop more potent therapeutics to treat the diseases of aging brain. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC4337366/ /pubmed/25755635 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2015.00054 Text en Copyright © 2015 Lourbopoulos, Ertürk and Hellal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Lourbopoulos, Athanasios
Ertürk, Ali
Hellal, Farida
Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians
title Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians
title_full Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians
title_fullStr Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians
title_full_unstemmed Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians
title_short Microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians
title_sort microglia in action: how aging and injury can change the brain’s guardians
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4337366/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25755635
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2015.00054
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