Quantum metrology with unitary parametrization processes

Quantum Fisher information is a central quantity in quantum metrology. We discuss an alternative representation of quantum Fisher information for unitary parametrization processes. In this representation, all information of parametrization transformation, i.e., the entire dynamical information, is totally involved in a Hermitian operator [Image: see text]. Utilizing this representation, quantum Fisher information is only determined by [Image: see text] and the initial state. Furthermore, [Image: see text] can be expressed in an expanded form. The highlights of this form is that it can bring great convenience during the calculation for the Hamiltonians owning recursive commutations with their partial derivative. We apply this representation in a collective spin system and show the specific expression of [Image: see text]. For a simple case, a spin-half system, the quantum Fisher information is given and the optimal states to access maximum quantum Fisher information are found. Moreover, for an exponential form initial state, an analytical expression of quantum Fisher information by [Image: see text] operator is provided. The multiparameter quantum metrology is also considered and discussed utilizing this representation.