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Metformin Beyond Diabetes: Pleiotropic Benefits of Metformin in Attenuation of Atherosclerosis
BACKGROUND: Clinical studies show that metformin attenuates all‐cause mortality and myocardial infarction compared with other medications for type 2 diabetes, even at similar glycemic levels. However, there is paucity of data in the euglycemic state on the vasculoprotective effects of metformin. The...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4338706/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25527624 http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.114.001202 |
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author | Forouzandeh, Farshad Salazar, Gloria Patrushev, Nikolay Xiong, Shiqin Hilenski, Lula Fei, Baowei Alexander, R. Wayne |
author_facet | Forouzandeh, Farshad Salazar, Gloria Patrushev, Nikolay Xiong, Shiqin Hilenski, Lula Fei, Baowei Alexander, R. Wayne |
author_sort | Forouzandeh, Farshad |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Clinical studies show that metformin attenuates all‐cause mortality and myocardial infarction compared with other medications for type 2 diabetes, even at similar glycemic levels. However, there is paucity of data in the euglycemic state on the vasculoprotective effects of metformin. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the effects of metformin on ameliorating atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using ApoE(−/−) C57BL/6J mice, we found that metformin attenuates atherosclerosis and vascular senescence in mice fed a high‐fat diet and prevents the upregulation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor by a high‐fat diet in the aortas of mice. Thus, considering the known deleterious effects of angiotensin II mediated by angiotensin II type 1 receptor, the vascular benefits of metformin may be mediated, at least in part, by angiotensin II type 1 receptor downregulation. Moreover, we found that metformin can cause weight loss without hypoglycemia. We also found that metformin increases the antioxidant superoxide dismutase‐1. CONCLUSION: Pleiotropic effects of metformin ameliorate atherosclerosis and vascular senescence. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4338706 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43387062015-02-27 Metformin Beyond Diabetes: Pleiotropic Benefits of Metformin in Attenuation of Atherosclerosis Forouzandeh, Farshad Salazar, Gloria Patrushev, Nikolay Xiong, Shiqin Hilenski, Lula Fei, Baowei Alexander, R. Wayne J Am Heart Assoc Original Research BACKGROUND: Clinical studies show that metformin attenuates all‐cause mortality and myocardial infarction compared with other medications for type 2 diabetes, even at similar glycemic levels. However, there is paucity of data in the euglycemic state on the vasculoprotective effects of metformin. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the effects of metformin on ameliorating atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using ApoE(−/−) C57BL/6J mice, we found that metformin attenuates atherosclerosis and vascular senescence in mice fed a high‐fat diet and prevents the upregulation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor by a high‐fat diet in the aortas of mice. Thus, considering the known deleterious effects of angiotensin II mediated by angiotensin II type 1 receptor, the vascular benefits of metformin may be mediated, at least in part, by angiotensin II type 1 receptor downregulation. Moreover, we found that metformin can cause weight loss without hypoglycemia. We also found that metformin increases the antioxidant superoxide dismutase‐1. CONCLUSION: Pleiotropic effects of metformin ameliorate atherosclerosis and vascular senescence. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2014-12-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4338706/ /pubmed/25527624 http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.114.001202 Text en © 2014 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley Blackwell. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Forouzandeh, Farshad Salazar, Gloria Patrushev, Nikolay Xiong, Shiqin Hilenski, Lula Fei, Baowei Alexander, R. Wayne Metformin Beyond Diabetes: Pleiotropic Benefits of Metformin in Attenuation of Atherosclerosis |
title | Metformin Beyond Diabetes: Pleiotropic Benefits of Metformin in Attenuation of Atherosclerosis |
title_full | Metformin Beyond Diabetes: Pleiotropic Benefits of Metformin in Attenuation of Atherosclerosis |
title_fullStr | Metformin Beyond Diabetes: Pleiotropic Benefits of Metformin in Attenuation of Atherosclerosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Metformin Beyond Diabetes: Pleiotropic Benefits of Metformin in Attenuation of Atherosclerosis |
title_short | Metformin Beyond Diabetes: Pleiotropic Benefits of Metformin in Attenuation of Atherosclerosis |
title_sort | metformin beyond diabetes: pleiotropic benefits of metformin in attenuation of atherosclerosis |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4338706/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25527624 http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.114.001202 |
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