Cargando…

Role of PD-1 co-inhibitory pathway in HIV infection and potential therapeutic options

Virus-specific CD8(+) T cells play an important role in controlling viral infections including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, during chronic HIV infection, virus-specific CD8(+) T cells undergo functional exhaustion, lose effector functions and fail to control viral infection...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Velu, Vijayakumar, Shetty, Ravi Dyavar, Larsson, Marie, Shankar, Esaki M
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4340294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25756928
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12977-015-0144-x
_version_ 1782359009435582464
author Velu, Vijayakumar
Shetty, Ravi Dyavar
Larsson, Marie
Shankar, Esaki M
author_facet Velu, Vijayakumar
Shetty, Ravi Dyavar
Larsson, Marie
Shankar, Esaki M
author_sort Velu, Vijayakumar
collection PubMed
description Virus-specific CD8(+) T cells play an important role in controlling viral infections including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, during chronic HIV infection, virus-specific CD8(+) T cells undergo functional exhaustion, lose effector functions and fail to control viral infection. HIV-specific CD8 T cells expressing high levels of co-inhibitory molecule programmed death-1 (PD-1) during the chronic infection and are characterized by lower proliferation, cytokine production, and cytotoxic abilities. Although, antiretroviral therapy has resulted in dramatic decline in HIV replication, there is no effective treatment currently available to eradicate viral reservoirs or restore virus-specific T or B-cell functions that may complement ART in order to eliminate the virus. In recent years, studies in mice and non-human primate models of HIV infection demonstrated the functional exhaustion of virus-specific T and B cells could be reversed by blockade of interaction between PD-1 and its cognate ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2). In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of PD-1 pathway in HIV/SIV infection and discuss the beneficial effects of PD-1 blockade during chronic HIV/SIV infection and its potential role as immunotherapy for HIV/AIDS.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4340294
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2015
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-43402942015-02-26 Role of PD-1 co-inhibitory pathway in HIV infection and potential therapeutic options Velu, Vijayakumar Shetty, Ravi Dyavar Larsson, Marie Shankar, Esaki M Retrovirology Review Virus-specific CD8(+) T cells play an important role in controlling viral infections including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, during chronic HIV infection, virus-specific CD8(+) T cells undergo functional exhaustion, lose effector functions and fail to control viral infection. HIV-specific CD8 T cells expressing high levels of co-inhibitory molecule programmed death-1 (PD-1) during the chronic infection and are characterized by lower proliferation, cytokine production, and cytotoxic abilities. Although, antiretroviral therapy has resulted in dramatic decline in HIV replication, there is no effective treatment currently available to eradicate viral reservoirs or restore virus-specific T or B-cell functions that may complement ART in order to eliminate the virus. In recent years, studies in mice and non-human primate models of HIV infection demonstrated the functional exhaustion of virus-specific T and B cells could be reversed by blockade of interaction between PD-1 and its cognate ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2). In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of PD-1 pathway in HIV/SIV infection and discuss the beneficial effects of PD-1 blockade during chronic HIV/SIV infection and its potential role as immunotherapy for HIV/AIDS. BioMed Central 2015-02-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4340294/ /pubmed/25756928 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12977-015-0144-x Text en © Velu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Review
Velu, Vijayakumar
Shetty, Ravi Dyavar
Larsson, Marie
Shankar, Esaki M
Role of PD-1 co-inhibitory pathway in HIV infection and potential therapeutic options
title Role of PD-1 co-inhibitory pathway in HIV infection and potential therapeutic options
title_full Role of PD-1 co-inhibitory pathway in HIV infection and potential therapeutic options
title_fullStr Role of PD-1 co-inhibitory pathway in HIV infection and potential therapeutic options
title_full_unstemmed Role of PD-1 co-inhibitory pathway in HIV infection and potential therapeutic options
title_short Role of PD-1 co-inhibitory pathway in HIV infection and potential therapeutic options
title_sort role of pd-1 co-inhibitory pathway in hiv infection and potential therapeutic options
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4340294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25756928
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12977-015-0144-x
work_keys_str_mv AT veluvijayakumar roleofpd1coinhibitorypathwayinhivinfectionandpotentialtherapeuticoptions
AT shettyravidyavar roleofpd1coinhibitorypathwayinhivinfectionandpotentialtherapeuticoptions
AT larssonmarie roleofpd1coinhibitorypathwayinhivinfectionandpotentialtherapeuticoptions
AT shankaresakim roleofpd1coinhibitorypathwayinhivinfectionandpotentialtherapeuticoptions