Coenzyme Q(10) Administration in Community-Acquired Pneumonia in the Elderly

BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is generally considered a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of adjunctive coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) in the treatment of elderly CAP. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Hospitalized elderly patients with CAP (diagnosed by using defined clinical and radiological criteria) were randomized to receive oral CoQ(10) (200 mg/d) or placebo for 14 days, along with antibiotics. Primary and secondary outcomes on days 3, 7, and 14 were measured. Disease severity was scored using CURB-65 index. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and P value < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: We enrolled 150 patients for this research. Then, 141 patients, including 70 patients in the trial group and 71 patients in the control group were analyzed. Mean age of the trial and control groups were 67.6 ± 7.2 years and 68.7 ± 7.9 years, respectively. Clinical cure at days 3 and 7 were 24 (34.3%) and 62 (88.6%) in the trial group (P value = 0.6745) and 22 (31%) and 52 (73.2%) in the placebo group (P value = 0.0209). Patients on CoQ(10) had faster defervescence (P value = 0.0206) and shorter hospital stay (P value = 0.0144) compared with the placebo group. The subgroup analysis of the patients with severe pneumonia showed differences in clinical cure at day 14. Treatment failure was less in CoQ(10) group than in the placebo group (10% versus 22.5% and P value = 0.0440). Adverse events in two groups were few and similar. CONCLUSIONS: CoQ(10) administration has no serious side effects and can improve outcome in hospitalized elderly CAP; therefore, we recommend it as an adjunctive treatment in elderly patients.