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Low-Normal Thyroid Function and Novel Cardiometabolic Biomarkers
The concept is emerging that low-normal thyroid function, i.e., either higher thyroid-stimulating hormone or lower free thyroxine levels within the euthyroid reference range, could contribute to the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It is possible that adverse effects of low-nor...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4344592/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25690422 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7021352 |
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author | van Tienhoven-Wind, Lynnda J.N. Dullaart, Robin P.F. |
author_facet | van Tienhoven-Wind, Lynnda J.N. Dullaart, Robin P.F. |
author_sort | van Tienhoven-Wind, Lynnda J.N. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The concept is emerging that low-normal thyroid function, i.e., either higher thyroid-stimulating hormone or lower free thyroxine levels within the euthyroid reference range, could contribute to the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It is possible that adverse effects of low-normal thyroid function on cardiovascular outcome may be particularly relevant for specific populations, such as younger people and subjects with high cardiovascular risk. Low-normal thyroid function probably relates to modest increases in plasma total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and insulin resistance, but effects on high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are inconsistent. Low-normal thyroid function may enhance plasma cholesteryl ester transfer, and contribute to an impaired ability of HDL to inhibit oxidative modification of LDL, reflecting pro-atherogenic alterations in lipoprotein metabolism and HDL function, respectively. Low-normal thyroid function also confers lower levels of bilirubin, a strong natural anti-oxidant. Remarkably, all these effects of low-normal thyroid functional status appear to be more outspoken in the context of chronic hyperglycemia and/or insulin resistance. Collectively, these data support the concept that low-normal thyroid function may adversely affect several processes which conceivably contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, beyond effects on conventional lipoprotein measures. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4344592 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43445922015-03-18 Low-Normal Thyroid Function and Novel Cardiometabolic Biomarkers van Tienhoven-Wind, Lynnda J.N. Dullaart, Robin P.F. Nutrients Article The concept is emerging that low-normal thyroid function, i.e., either higher thyroid-stimulating hormone or lower free thyroxine levels within the euthyroid reference range, could contribute to the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It is possible that adverse effects of low-normal thyroid function on cardiovascular outcome may be particularly relevant for specific populations, such as younger people and subjects with high cardiovascular risk. Low-normal thyroid function probably relates to modest increases in plasma total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and insulin resistance, but effects on high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are inconsistent. Low-normal thyroid function may enhance plasma cholesteryl ester transfer, and contribute to an impaired ability of HDL to inhibit oxidative modification of LDL, reflecting pro-atherogenic alterations in lipoprotein metabolism and HDL function, respectively. Low-normal thyroid function also confers lower levels of bilirubin, a strong natural anti-oxidant. Remarkably, all these effects of low-normal thyroid functional status appear to be more outspoken in the context of chronic hyperglycemia and/or insulin resistance. Collectively, these data support the concept that low-normal thyroid function may adversely affect several processes which conceivably contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, beyond effects on conventional lipoprotein measures. MDPI 2015-02-16 /pmc/articles/PMC4344592/ /pubmed/25690422 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7021352 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article van Tienhoven-Wind, Lynnda J.N. Dullaart, Robin P.F. Low-Normal Thyroid Function and Novel Cardiometabolic Biomarkers |
title | Low-Normal Thyroid Function and Novel Cardiometabolic Biomarkers |
title_full | Low-Normal Thyroid Function and Novel Cardiometabolic Biomarkers |
title_fullStr | Low-Normal Thyroid Function and Novel Cardiometabolic Biomarkers |
title_full_unstemmed | Low-Normal Thyroid Function and Novel Cardiometabolic Biomarkers |
title_short | Low-Normal Thyroid Function and Novel Cardiometabolic Biomarkers |
title_sort | low-normal thyroid function and novel cardiometabolic biomarkers |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4344592/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25690422 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7021352 |
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