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Cleft lip and Palate: A 30-year Epidemiologic Study in North-East of Iran
INTRODUCTION: Cleft lip and palate are among the most common congenital anomalies worldwide. This study was conducted in order to explore the incidence and related factors of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) among live births in Mashhad, North-Eastern Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-section...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2015
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4344973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25745610 |
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author | Kianifar, Hamidreza Hasanzadeh, Nadia Jahanbin, Arezoo Ezzati, Atefeh Kianifar, Homa |
author_facet | Kianifar, Hamidreza Hasanzadeh, Nadia Jahanbin, Arezoo Ezzati, Atefeh Kianifar, Homa |
author_sort | Kianifar, Hamidreza |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: Cleft lip and palate are among the most common congenital anomalies worldwide. This study was conducted in order to explore the incidence and related factors of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) among live births in Mashhad, North-Eastern Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, records of 28,519 infants born between March 1982 and March 2011 at three major hospitals in Mashhad were screened for oral clefts. Clinical and demographic factors relating to diagnosed cases, including birth date, gender, birth weight, maternal age, number of pregnancies, type and side of cleft and presence of other congenital anomalies were recorded for analysis. RESULTS: The overall incidence of CL/P was 1.9 per 1,000 live births. Cleft lip associated with cleft palate (CLP) was the most prevalent type of cleft (50%), followed by isolated cleft lip (35.2%) and isolated cleft palate (14.8%). A total of 92.6% of oral clefts were bilateral and 5.5% were located on the right side. In addition, clefts were found to be more common in male than female births (male/female ratio=2.3). The rate of associated congenital anomalies in CL/P newborns was 37%. No significant differences were observed in the incidence of oral clefts across three decades of study; except for CLP which was significantly more prevalent between 2002–2011 (P=0.027). There were no significant differences with regard to season of birth, associated anomalies or maternal age of affected newborns in the three time periods of the study. Furthermore, maternal age and number of pregnancies were not significantly different among the three types of cleft (P=0.43 and P=0.91, respectively). Although the mean birth weight of patients affected with isolated cleft palate was considerably lower than that of the other two types of cleft, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.05). CONCLUSION: This study indicates a frequency of CL/P close to the findings in East Asian countries and higher than some previous reports from Iran, European and American countries. Ethnicity-related genetic factors may have a role in the conflicting results obtained from different populations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4344973 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Mashhad University of Medical Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43449732015-03-05 Cleft lip and Palate: A 30-year Epidemiologic Study in North-East of Iran Kianifar, Hamidreza Hasanzadeh, Nadia Jahanbin, Arezoo Ezzati, Atefeh Kianifar, Homa Iran J Otorhinolaryngol Original Article INTRODUCTION: Cleft lip and palate are among the most common congenital anomalies worldwide. This study was conducted in order to explore the incidence and related factors of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) among live births in Mashhad, North-Eastern Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, records of 28,519 infants born between March 1982 and March 2011 at three major hospitals in Mashhad were screened for oral clefts. Clinical and demographic factors relating to diagnosed cases, including birth date, gender, birth weight, maternal age, number of pregnancies, type and side of cleft and presence of other congenital anomalies were recorded for analysis. RESULTS: The overall incidence of CL/P was 1.9 per 1,000 live births. Cleft lip associated with cleft palate (CLP) was the most prevalent type of cleft (50%), followed by isolated cleft lip (35.2%) and isolated cleft palate (14.8%). A total of 92.6% of oral clefts were bilateral and 5.5% were located on the right side. In addition, clefts were found to be more common in male than female births (male/female ratio=2.3). The rate of associated congenital anomalies in CL/P newborns was 37%. No significant differences were observed in the incidence of oral clefts across three decades of study; except for CLP which was significantly more prevalent between 2002–2011 (P=0.027). There were no significant differences with regard to season of birth, associated anomalies or maternal age of affected newborns in the three time periods of the study. Furthermore, maternal age and number of pregnancies were not significantly different among the three types of cleft (P=0.43 and P=0.91, respectively). Although the mean birth weight of patients affected with isolated cleft palate was considerably lower than that of the other two types of cleft, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.05). CONCLUSION: This study indicates a frequency of CL/P close to the findings in East Asian countries and higher than some previous reports from Iran, European and American countries. Ethnicity-related genetic factors may have a role in the conflicting results obtained from different populations. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2015-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4344973/ /pubmed/25745610 Text en This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Kianifar, Hamidreza Hasanzadeh, Nadia Jahanbin, Arezoo Ezzati, Atefeh Kianifar, Homa Cleft lip and Palate: A 30-year Epidemiologic Study in North-East of Iran |
title | Cleft lip and Palate: A 30-year Epidemiologic Study in North-East of Iran |
title_full | Cleft lip and Palate: A 30-year Epidemiologic Study in North-East of Iran |
title_fullStr | Cleft lip and Palate: A 30-year Epidemiologic Study in North-East of Iran |
title_full_unstemmed | Cleft lip and Palate: A 30-year Epidemiologic Study in North-East of Iran |
title_short | Cleft lip and Palate: A 30-year Epidemiologic Study in North-East of Iran |
title_sort | cleft lip and palate: a 30-year epidemiologic study in north-east of iran |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4344973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25745610 |
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