Outcome of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Hematological Malignancies

INTRODUCTION: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a potentially curative treatment modality for hematological malignancies. We evaluated the outcome of patients suffering from hematological malignancies, including acute leukemias, chronic myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome after allogeneic transplantation. METHODS: All patients having hematological malignancies with HLA identical sibling donors who underwent allogeneic transplantation were included. Pre-transplant workup consisted of complete blood counts, evaluation of liver, kidneys, lungs, infectious profile, chest X-ray, paranasal sinus roentgenograms and dental review. Donors were given G-CSF at a dose of 5-10 μg/kg/twice daily for five days prior to harvest. The conditioning regimens included cyclophosphamide, busulfan and total body irradiation. RESULTS: A total of 41 allogeneic transplants were performed for hematological malignancies from April 2004 to December 2012. There were 31 males and 10 females. Median age ± SD was 28 ± 11.7 years (range 8 – 54 years). A mean of 7.7×108±1.5 mononuclear cells/kg were infused (range:6.2-9.2×108/kg). The median time to white cell recovery was 19±4 days (range:15-23 days). Transplant related mortality was 19.5%. The median overall survival was 53.6 months. Overall survival at a median follow up of 37 months was 67%. CONCLUSION: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is an effective treatment option in patients with hematological malignancies. Our outcomes are comparable with results from neighboring countries as well as the western world.