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Toxicant content, physical properties and biological activity of waterpipe tobacco smoke and its tobacco-free alternatives
OBJECTIVES: Waterpipe smoking using sweetened, flavoured tobacco products has become a widespread global phenomenon. In this paper, we review chemical, physical and biological properties of waterpipe smoke. DATA SOURCES: Peer-reviewed publications indexed in major databases between 1991 and 2014. Se...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4345918/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25666550 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051907 |
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author | Shihadeh, Alan Schubert, Jens Klaiany, Joanne El Sabban, Marwan Luch, Andreas Saliba, Najat A |
author_facet | Shihadeh, Alan Schubert, Jens Klaiany, Joanne El Sabban, Marwan Luch, Andreas Saliba, Najat A |
author_sort | Shihadeh, Alan |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: Waterpipe smoking using sweetened, flavoured tobacco products has become a widespread global phenomenon. In this paper, we review chemical, physical and biological properties of waterpipe smoke. DATA SOURCES: Peer-reviewed publications indexed in major databases between 1991 and 2014. Search keywords included a combination of: waterpipe, narghile, hookah, shisha along with names of chemical compounds and classes of compounds, in addition to terms commonly used in cellular biology and aerosol sizing. STUDY SELECTION: The search was limited to articles published in English which reported novel data on waterpipe tobacco smoke (WTS) toxicant content, biological activity or particle size and which met various criteria for analytical rigour including: method specificity and selectivity, precision, accuracy and recovery, linearity, range, and stability. DATA EXTRACTION: Multiple researchers reviewed the reports and collectively agreed on which data were pertinent for inclusion. DATA SYNTHESIS: Waterpipe smoke contains significant concentrations of toxicants thought to cause dependence, heart disease, lung disease and cancer in cigarette smokers, and includes 27 known or suspected carcinogens. Waterpipe smoke is a respirable aerosol that induces cellular responses associated with pulmonary and arterial diseases. Except nicotine, smoke generated using tobacco-free preparations marketed for ‘health conscious’ users contains the same or greater doses of toxicants, with the same cellular effects as conventional products. Toxicant yield data from the analytical laboratory are consistent with studies of exposure biomarkers in waterpipe users. CONCLUSIONS: A sufficient evidence base exists to support public health interventions that highlight the fact that WTS presents a serious inhalation hazard. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4345918 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43459182015-03-18 Toxicant content, physical properties and biological activity of waterpipe tobacco smoke and its tobacco-free alternatives Shihadeh, Alan Schubert, Jens Klaiany, Joanne El Sabban, Marwan Luch, Andreas Saliba, Najat A Tob Control Supplement OBJECTIVES: Waterpipe smoking using sweetened, flavoured tobacco products has become a widespread global phenomenon. In this paper, we review chemical, physical and biological properties of waterpipe smoke. DATA SOURCES: Peer-reviewed publications indexed in major databases between 1991 and 2014. Search keywords included a combination of: waterpipe, narghile, hookah, shisha along with names of chemical compounds and classes of compounds, in addition to terms commonly used in cellular biology and aerosol sizing. STUDY SELECTION: The search was limited to articles published in English which reported novel data on waterpipe tobacco smoke (WTS) toxicant content, biological activity or particle size and which met various criteria for analytical rigour including: method specificity and selectivity, precision, accuracy and recovery, linearity, range, and stability. DATA EXTRACTION: Multiple researchers reviewed the reports and collectively agreed on which data were pertinent for inclusion. DATA SYNTHESIS: Waterpipe smoke contains significant concentrations of toxicants thought to cause dependence, heart disease, lung disease and cancer in cigarette smokers, and includes 27 known or suspected carcinogens. Waterpipe smoke is a respirable aerosol that induces cellular responses associated with pulmonary and arterial diseases. Except nicotine, smoke generated using tobacco-free preparations marketed for ‘health conscious’ users contains the same or greater doses of toxicants, with the same cellular effects as conventional products. Toxicant yield data from the analytical laboratory are consistent with studies of exposure biomarkers in waterpipe users. CONCLUSIONS: A sufficient evidence base exists to support public health interventions that highlight the fact that WTS presents a serious inhalation hazard. BMJ Publishing Group 2015-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4345918/ /pubmed/25666550 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051907 Text en Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Supplement Shihadeh, Alan Schubert, Jens Klaiany, Joanne El Sabban, Marwan Luch, Andreas Saliba, Najat A Toxicant content, physical properties and biological activity of waterpipe tobacco smoke and its tobacco-free alternatives |
title | Toxicant content, physical properties and biological activity of waterpipe tobacco smoke and its tobacco-free alternatives |
title_full | Toxicant content, physical properties and biological activity of waterpipe tobacco smoke and its tobacco-free alternatives |
title_fullStr | Toxicant content, physical properties and biological activity of waterpipe tobacco smoke and its tobacco-free alternatives |
title_full_unstemmed | Toxicant content, physical properties and biological activity of waterpipe tobacco smoke and its tobacco-free alternatives |
title_short | Toxicant content, physical properties and biological activity of waterpipe tobacco smoke and its tobacco-free alternatives |
title_sort | toxicant content, physical properties and biological activity of waterpipe tobacco smoke and its tobacco-free alternatives |
topic | Supplement |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4345918/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25666550 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051907 |
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