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Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women: A Repeated Measures Analysis
BACKGROUND: Phthalate exposure occurs readily in the environment and has been associated with an array of health end points, including adverse birth outcomes. Some of these may be mediated by oxidative stress, a proposed mechanism for phthalate action. OBJECTIVES: In the present study, we explored t...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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NLM-Export
2014
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4348741/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25402001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307996 |
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author | Ferguson, Kelly K. McElrath, Thomas F. Chen, Yin-Hsiu Mukherjee, Bhramar Meeker, John D. |
author_facet | Ferguson, Kelly K. McElrath, Thomas F. Chen, Yin-Hsiu Mukherjee, Bhramar Meeker, John D. |
author_sort | Ferguson, Kelly K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Phthalate exposure occurs readily in the environment and has been associated with an array of health end points, including adverse birth outcomes. Some of these may be mediated by oxidative stress, a proposed mechanism for phthalate action. OBJECTIVES: In the present study, we explored the associations between phthalate metabolites and biomarkers of oxidative stress measured in urine samples from multiple time points during pregnancy. METHODS: Women were participants in a nested case–control study of preterm birth (n = 130 cases, n = 352 controls). Each was recruited early in pregnancy and followed until delivery, providing urine samples at up to four visits. Nine phthalate metabolites were measured to assess exposure, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and 8-isoprostane were also measured in urine as markers of oxidative stress. Associations were assessed using linear mixed models to account for intraindividual correlation, with inverse selection probability weightings based on case status to allow for greater generalizability. RESULTS: Interquartile range increases in phthalate metabolites were associated with significantly higher concentrations of both biomarkers. Estimated differences were greater in association with monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), and monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP), compared with di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites. CONCLUSIONS: Urinary phthalate metabolites were associated with increased oxidative stress biomarkers in our study population of pregnant women. These relationships may be particularly relevant to the study of birth outcomes linked to phthalate exposure. Although replication is necessary in other populations, these results may also be of great importance for a range of other health outcomes associated with phthalates. CITATION: Ferguson KK, McElrath TF, Chen YH, Mukherjee B, Meeker JD. 2015. Urinary phthalate metabolites and biomarkers of oxidative stress in pregnant women: a repeated measures analysis. Environ Health Perspect 123:210–216; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307996 |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4348741 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | NLM-Export |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43487412015-03-31 Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women: A Repeated Measures Analysis Ferguson, Kelly K. McElrath, Thomas F. Chen, Yin-Hsiu Mukherjee, Bhramar Meeker, John D. Environ Health Perspect Research BACKGROUND: Phthalate exposure occurs readily in the environment and has been associated with an array of health end points, including adverse birth outcomes. Some of these may be mediated by oxidative stress, a proposed mechanism for phthalate action. OBJECTIVES: In the present study, we explored the associations between phthalate metabolites and biomarkers of oxidative stress measured in urine samples from multiple time points during pregnancy. METHODS: Women were participants in a nested case–control study of preterm birth (n = 130 cases, n = 352 controls). Each was recruited early in pregnancy and followed until delivery, providing urine samples at up to four visits. Nine phthalate metabolites were measured to assess exposure, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and 8-isoprostane were also measured in urine as markers of oxidative stress. Associations were assessed using linear mixed models to account for intraindividual correlation, with inverse selection probability weightings based on case status to allow for greater generalizability. RESULTS: Interquartile range increases in phthalate metabolites were associated with significantly higher concentrations of both biomarkers. Estimated differences were greater in association with monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), and monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP), compared with di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites. CONCLUSIONS: Urinary phthalate metabolites were associated with increased oxidative stress biomarkers in our study population of pregnant women. These relationships may be particularly relevant to the study of birth outcomes linked to phthalate exposure. Although replication is necessary in other populations, these results may also be of great importance for a range of other health outcomes associated with phthalates. CITATION: Ferguson KK, McElrath TF, Chen YH, Mukherjee B, Meeker JD. 2015. Urinary phthalate metabolites and biomarkers of oxidative stress in pregnant women: a repeated measures analysis. Environ Health Perspect 123:210–216; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307996 NLM-Export 2014-11-14 2015-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4348741/ /pubmed/25402001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307996 Text en http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ Publication of EHP lies in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from EHP may be reprinted freely. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for example, “Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives”); pertinent reference information should be provided for the article from which the material was reproduced. Articles from EHP, especially the News section, may contain photographs or illustrations copyrighted by other commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright. |
spellingShingle | Research Ferguson, Kelly K. McElrath, Thomas F. Chen, Yin-Hsiu Mukherjee, Bhramar Meeker, John D. Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women: A Repeated Measures Analysis |
title | Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women: A Repeated Measures Analysis |
title_full | Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women: A Repeated Measures Analysis |
title_fullStr | Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women: A Repeated Measures Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women: A Repeated Measures Analysis |
title_short | Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women: A Repeated Measures Analysis |
title_sort | urinary phthalate metabolites and biomarkers of oxidative stress in pregnant women: a repeated measures analysis |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4348741/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25402001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307996 |
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