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Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. among Children in Rural Ghana
BACKGROUND: The relevance of Cryptosporidium infections for the burden of childhood diarrhoea in endemic settings has been shown in recent years. This study describes Cryptosporidium subtypes among symptomatic and asymptomatic children in rural Ghana to analyse subtype-specific demographic, geograph...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4352007/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25749411 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003551 |
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author | Eibach, Daniel Krumkamp, Ralf Al-Emran, Hassan M. Sarpong, Nimako Hagen, Ralf Matthias Adu-Sarkodie, Yaw Tannich, Egbert May, Jürgen |
author_facet | Eibach, Daniel Krumkamp, Ralf Al-Emran, Hassan M. Sarpong, Nimako Hagen, Ralf Matthias Adu-Sarkodie, Yaw Tannich, Egbert May, Jürgen |
author_sort | Eibach, Daniel |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The relevance of Cryptosporidium infections for the burden of childhood diarrhoea in endemic settings has been shown in recent years. This study describes Cryptosporidium subtypes among symptomatic and asymptomatic children in rural Ghana to analyse subtype-specific demographic, geographical, seasonal and clinical differences in order to inform appropriate control measures in endemic areas. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Stool samples were collected from 2232 children below 14 years of age presenting with and without gastrointestinal symptoms at the Agogo Presbyterian Hospital in the rural Ashanti region of Ghana between May 2007 and September 2008. Samples were screened for Cryptosporidium spp. by PCR and isolates were classified into subtypes based on sequence differences in the gp60 gene. Subtype specific frequencies for age, sex, location and season have been determined and associations with disease symptoms have been analysed within a case-control study. Cryptosporidium infections were diagnosed in 116 of 2232 (5.2%) stool samples. Subtyping of 88 isolates revealed IIcA5G3 (n = 26, 29.6%), IbA13G3 (n = 17, 19.3%) and IaA21R3 (n = 12, 13.6%) as the three most frequent subtypes of the two species C. hominis and C. parvum, known to be transmitted anthroponotically. Infections peak at early rainy season with 67.9% and 50.0% of infections during the months April, May and June for 2007 and 2008 respectively. C. hominis infection was mainly associated with diarrhoea (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–4.9) whereas C. parvum infection was associated with both diarrhoea (OR = 2.6; CI: 1.2–5.8) and vomiting (OR = 3.1; 95% CI: 1.5–6.1). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Cryptosporidiosis is characterized by seasonal anthroponotic transmission of strains typically found in Sub-Saharan Africa. The infection mainly affects young infants, with vomiting and diarrhoea being one of the leading symptoms in C. parvum infection. Combining molecular typing and clinical data provides valuable information for physicians and is able to track sources of infections. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4352007 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43520072015-03-17 Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. among Children in Rural Ghana Eibach, Daniel Krumkamp, Ralf Al-Emran, Hassan M. Sarpong, Nimako Hagen, Ralf Matthias Adu-Sarkodie, Yaw Tannich, Egbert May, Jürgen PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: The relevance of Cryptosporidium infections for the burden of childhood diarrhoea in endemic settings has been shown in recent years. This study describes Cryptosporidium subtypes among symptomatic and asymptomatic children in rural Ghana to analyse subtype-specific demographic, geographical, seasonal and clinical differences in order to inform appropriate control measures in endemic areas. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Stool samples were collected from 2232 children below 14 years of age presenting with and without gastrointestinal symptoms at the Agogo Presbyterian Hospital in the rural Ashanti region of Ghana between May 2007 and September 2008. Samples were screened for Cryptosporidium spp. by PCR and isolates were classified into subtypes based on sequence differences in the gp60 gene. Subtype specific frequencies for age, sex, location and season have been determined and associations with disease symptoms have been analysed within a case-control study. Cryptosporidium infections were diagnosed in 116 of 2232 (5.2%) stool samples. Subtyping of 88 isolates revealed IIcA5G3 (n = 26, 29.6%), IbA13G3 (n = 17, 19.3%) and IaA21R3 (n = 12, 13.6%) as the three most frequent subtypes of the two species C. hominis and C. parvum, known to be transmitted anthroponotically. Infections peak at early rainy season with 67.9% and 50.0% of infections during the months April, May and June for 2007 and 2008 respectively. C. hominis infection was mainly associated with diarrhoea (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–4.9) whereas C. parvum infection was associated with both diarrhoea (OR = 2.6; CI: 1.2–5.8) and vomiting (OR = 3.1; 95% CI: 1.5–6.1). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Cryptosporidiosis is characterized by seasonal anthroponotic transmission of strains typically found in Sub-Saharan Africa. The infection mainly affects young infants, with vomiting and diarrhoea being one of the leading symptoms in C. parvum infection. Combining molecular typing and clinical data provides valuable information for physicians and is able to track sources of infections. Public Library of Science 2015-03-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4352007/ /pubmed/25749411 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003551 Text en © 2015 Eibach et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Eibach, Daniel Krumkamp, Ralf Al-Emran, Hassan M. Sarpong, Nimako Hagen, Ralf Matthias Adu-Sarkodie, Yaw Tannich, Egbert May, Jürgen Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. among Children in Rural Ghana |
title | Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. among Children in Rural Ghana |
title_full | Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. among Children in Rural Ghana |
title_fullStr | Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. among Children in Rural Ghana |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. among Children in Rural Ghana |
title_short | Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. among Children in Rural Ghana |
title_sort | molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp. among children in rural ghana |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4352007/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25749411 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003551 |
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