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Translational potential of olfactory mucosa for the study of neuropsychiatric illness
The olfactory mucosa (OM) is a unique source of regenerative neural tissue that is readily obtainable from living human subjects and thus affords opportunities for the study of psychiatric illnesses. OM tissues can be used, either as ex vivo OM tissue or in vitro OM-derived neural cells, to explore...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4354342/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25781226 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/tp.2014.141 |
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author | Borgmann-Winter, K Willard, S L Sinclair, D Mirza, N Turetsky, B Berretta, S Hahn, C-G |
author_facet | Borgmann-Winter, K Willard, S L Sinclair, D Mirza, N Turetsky, B Berretta, S Hahn, C-G |
author_sort | Borgmann-Winter, K |
collection | PubMed |
description | The olfactory mucosa (OM) is a unique source of regenerative neural tissue that is readily obtainable from living human subjects and thus affords opportunities for the study of psychiatric illnesses. OM tissues can be used, either as ex vivo OM tissue or in vitro OM-derived neural cells, to explore parameters that have been difficult to assess in the brain of living individuals with psychiatric illness. As OM tissues are distinct from brain tissues, an understanding of the neurobiology of the OM is needed to relate findings in these tissues to those of the brain as well as to design and interpret ex vivo or in vitro OM studies. To that end, we discuss the molecular, cellular and functional characteristics of cell types within the olfactory mucosa, describe the organization of the OM and highlight its role in the olfactory neurocircuitry. In addition, we discuss various approaches to in vitro culture of OM-derived cells and their characterization, focusing on the extent to which they reflect the in vivo neurobiology of the OM. Finally, we review studies of ex vivo OM tissues and in vitro OM-derived cells from individuals with psychiatric, neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. In particular, we discuss the concordance of this work with postmortem brain studies and highlight possible future approaches, which may offer distinct strengths in comparison to in vitro paradigms based on genomic reprogramming. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4354342 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43543422015-03-12 Translational potential of olfactory mucosa for the study of neuropsychiatric illness Borgmann-Winter, K Willard, S L Sinclair, D Mirza, N Turetsky, B Berretta, S Hahn, C-G Transl Psychiatry Review The olfactory mucosa (OM) is a unique source of regenerative neural tissue that is readily obtainable from living human subjects and thus affords opportunities for the study of psychiatric illnesses. OM tissues can be used, either as ex vivo OM tissue or in vitro OM-derived neural cells, to explore parameters that have been difficult to assess in the brain of living individuals with psychiatric illness. As OM tissues are distinct from brain tissues, an understanding of the neurobiology of the OM is needed to relate findings in these tissues to those of the brain as well as to design and interpret ex vivo or in vitro OM studies. To that end, we discuss the molecular, cellular and functional characteristics of cell types within the olfactory mucosa, describe the organization of the OM and highlight its role in the olfactory neurocircuitry. In addition, we discuss various approaches to in vitro culture of OM-derived cells and their characterization, focusing on the extent to which they reflect the in vivo neurobiology of the OM. Finally, we review studies of ex vivo OM tissues and in vitro OM-derived cells from individuals with psychiatric, neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. In particular, we discuss the concordance of this work with postmortem brain studies and highlight possible future approaches, which may offer distinct strengths in comparison to in vitro paradigms based on genomic reprogramming. Nature Publishing Group 2015-03 2015-03-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4354342/ /pubmed/25781226 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/tp.2014.141 Text en Copyright © 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Review Borgmann-Winter, K Willard, S L Sinclair, D Mirza, N Turetsky, B Berretta, S Hahn, C-G Translational potential of olfactory mucosa for the study of neuropsychiatric illness |
title | Translational potential of olfactory mucosa for the study of neuropsychiatric illness |
title_full | Translational potential of olfactory mucosa for the study of neuropsychiatric illness |
title_fullStr | Translational potential of olfactory mucosa for the study of neuropsychiatric illness |
title_full_unstemmed | Translational potential of olfactory mucosa for the study of neuropsychiatric illness |
title_short | Translational potential of olfactory mucosa for the study of neuropsychiatric illness |
title_sort | translational potential of olfactory mucosa for the study of neuropsychiatric illness |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4354342/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25781226 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/tp.2014.141 |
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