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Association between maternal glucose levels during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: an analytical cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the association between fasting glucose levels in women throughout pregnancy and the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and other pregnancy complications, macrosomia, and cesarean delivery. METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study with 829 healthy pregnant...

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Autores principales: Seabra, Gisele, Saunders, Cláudia, de Carvalho Padilha, Patrícia, Zajdenverg, Lenita, da Silva, Letícia Barbosa Gabriel, de Souza Santos, Marta Maria Antonieta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4358904/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25774227
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13098-015-0013-8
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author Seabra, Gisele
Saunders, Cláudia
de Carvalho Padilha, Patrícia
Zajdenverg, Lenita
da Silva, Letícia Barbosa Gabriel
de Souza Santos, Marta Maria Antonieta
author_facet Seabra, Gisele
Saunders, Cláudia
de Carvalho Padilha, Patrícia
Zajdenverg, Lenita
da Silva, Letícia Barbosa Gabriel
de Souza Santos, Marta Maria Antonieta
author_sort Seabra, Gisele
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: To evaluate the association between fasting glucose levels in women throughout pregnancy and the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and other pregnancy complications, macrosomia, and cesarean delivery. METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study with 829 healthy pregnant women receiving health care at a public maternity unit in Rio de Janeiro between 1999 and 2008. The dependent variables assessed in the study were: GDM (was confirmed when two or more values were above the glucose curve using 100 g glucose), complications, mode of delivery and birth weight. Macrosomia was defined as a birth weight of >4000 g. The independent variables assessed were: maternal fasting glucose per trimester as a continuous variable, divided into three categories, socio-demographic data on the mothers. The level of statistical significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: The mean fasting glucose levels of the women who had GDM were higher in the second trimester than for those who had no pregnancy complications (90.5 mg/dL vs. 78.5 mg/dL, p = 0.000). Higher mean fasting glucose levels were also found in the third trimester for women who developed GDM than for those with no pregnancy complications (90 mg/dL vs. 77.8 mg/dL, p = 0.016). Women who had a cesarean delivery had higher fasting glucose levels in the second (80.4 mg/dL vs. 78 mg/dL, post hoc = 0.034) and third (80.4 mg/dL and 77.1 mg/dL; post hoc = 0.005) trimesters than women who had a normal delivery. Also, higher fasting glucose levels were found in the second semester for women whose infants had macrosomia than for women whose newborns were normal weight (86.2 mg/dL and 78.8 mg/dL; post hoc = 0.003). The chance of develop GDM was higher for the women with glucose levels in the 90–94 mg/dL range in the second trimester (OR = 7.2; 95% CI = 2.33-22.24) than for the women whose glucose levels were in the <80 mg/dL and 80-90 mg/dL ranges. CONCLUSION: Second and third trimester fasting glucose levels below the cut-off values for the diagnosis of GDM are associated with an increased risk of pregnancy complications. The dependent variables assessed in the study were: GDM (present/absent), complications, mode of delivery (normal, forceps, cesarean), and birth weight.
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spelling pubmed-43589042015-03-14 Association between maternal glucose levels during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: an analytical cross-sectional study Seabra, Gisele Saunders, Cláudia de Carvalho Padilha, Patrícia Zajdenverg, Lenita da Silva, Letícia Barbosa Gabriel de Souza Santos, Marta Maria Antonieta Diabetol Metab Syndr Research BACKGROUND: To evaluate the association between fasting glucose levels in women throughout pregnancy and the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and other pregnancy complications, macrosomia, and cesarean delivery. METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study with 829 healthy pregnant women receiving health care at a public maternity unit in Rio de Janeiro between 1999 and 2008. The dependent variables assessed in the study were: GDM (was confirmed when two or more values were above the glucose curve using 100 g glucose), complications, mode of delivery and birth weight. Macrosomia was defined as a birth weight of >4000 g. The independent variables assessed were: maternal fasting glucose per trimester as a continuous variable, divided into three categories, socio-demographic data on the mothers. The level of statistical significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: The mean fasting glucose levels of the women who had GDM were higher in the second trimester than for those who had no pregnancy complications (90.5 mg/dL vs. 78.5 mg/dL, p = 0.000). Higher mean fasting glucose levels were also found in the third trimester for women who developed GDM than for those with no pregnancy complications (90 mg/dL vs. 77.8 mg/dL, p = 0.016). Women who had a cesarean delivery had higher fasting glucose levels in the second (80.4 mg/dL vs. 78 mg/dL, post hoc = 0.034) and third (80.4 mg/dL and 77.1 mg/dL; post hoc = 0.005) trimesters than women who had a normal delivery. Also, higher fasting glucose levels were found in the second semester for women whose infants had macrosomia than for women whose newborns were normal weight (86.2 mg/dL and 78.8 mg/dL; post hoc = 0.003). The chance of develop GDM was higher for the women with glucose levels in the 90–94 mg/dL range in the second trimester (OR = 7.2; 95% CI = 2.33-22.24) than for the women whose glucose levels were in the <80 mg/dL and 80-90 mg/dL ranges. CONCLUSION: Second and third trimester fasting glucose levels below the cut-off values for the diagnosis of GDM are associated with an increased risk of pregnancy complications. The dependent variables assessed in the study were: GDM (present/absent), complications, mode of delivery (normal, forceps, cesarean), and birth weight. BioMed Central 2015-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4358904/ /pubmed/25774227 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13098-015-0013-8 Text en © Seabra et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Seabra, Gisele
Saunders, Cláudia
de Carvalho Padilha, Patrícia
Zajdenverg, Lenita
da Silva, Letícia Barbosa Gabriel
de Souza Santos, Marta Maria Antonieta
Association between maternal glucose levels during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: an analytical cross-sectional study
title Association between maternal glucose levels during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: an analytical cross-sectional study
title_full Association between maternal glucose levels during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: an analytical cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Association between maternal glucose levels during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: an analytical cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Association between maternal glucose levels during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: an analytical cross-sectional study
title_short Association between maternal glucose levels during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: an analytical cross-sectional study
title_sort association between maternal glucose levels during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: an analytical cross-sectional study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4358904/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25774227
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13098-015-0013-8
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