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Ocean Acidification May Aggravate Social-Ecological Trade-Offs in Coastal Fisheries
Ocean Acidification (OA) will influence marine ecosystems by changing species abundance and composition. Major effects are described for calcifying organisms, which are significantly impacted by decreasing pH values. Direct effects on commercially important fish are less well studied. The early life...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4363370/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25780914 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120376 |
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author | Voss, Rudi Quaas, Martin F. Schmidt, Jörn O. Kapaun, Ute |
author_facet | Voss, Rudi Quaas, Martin F. Schmidt, Jörn O. Kapaun, Ute |
author_sort | Voss, Rudi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ocean Acidification (OA) will influence marine ecosystems by changing species abundance and composition. Major effects are described for calcifying organisms, which are significantly impacted by decreasing pH values. Direct effects on commercially important fish are less well studied. The early life stages of fish populations often lack internal regulatory mechanisms to withstand the effects of abnormal pH. Negative effects can be expected on growth, survival, and recruitment success. Here we study Norwegian coastal cod, one of the few stocks where such a negative effect was experimentally quantified, and develop a framework for coupling experimental data on OA effects to ecological-economic fisheries models. In this paper, we scale the observed physiological responses to the population level by using the experimentally determined mortality rates as part of the stock-recruitment relationship. We then use an ecological-economic optimization model, to explore the potential effect of rising CO(2) concentration on ecological (stock size), economic (profits), consumer-related (harvest) and social (employment) indicators, with scenarios ranging from present day conditions up to extreme acidification. Under the assumptions of our model, yields and profits could largely be maintained under moderate OA by adapting future fishing mortality (and related effort) to changes owing to altered pH. This adaptation comes at the costs of reduced stock size and employment, however. Explicitly visualizing these ecological, economic and social tradeoffs will help in defining realistic future objectives. Our results can be generalized to any stressor (or stressor combination), which is decreasing recruitment success. The main findings of an aggravation of trade-offs will remain valid. This seems to be of special relevance for coastal stocks with limited options for migration to avoid unfavorable future conditions and subsequently for coastal fisheries, which are often small scale local fisheries with limited operational ranges. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4363370 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43633702015-03-23 Ocean Acidification May Aggravate Social-Ecological Trade-Offs in Coastal Fisheries Voss, Rudi Quaas, Martin F. Schmidt, Jörn O. Kapaun, Ute PLoS One Research Article Ocean Acidification (OA) will influence marine ecosystems by changing species abundance and composition. Major effects are described for calcifying organisms, which are significantly impacted by decreasing pH values. Direct effects on commercially important fish are less well studied. The early life stages of fish populations often lack internal regulatory mechanisms to withstand the effects of abnormal pH. Negative effects can be expected on growth, survival, and recruitment success. Here we study Norwegian coastal cod, one of the few stocks where such a negative effect was experimentally quantified, and develop a framework for coupling experimental data on OA effects to ecological-economic fisheries models. In this paper, we scale the observed physiological responses to the population level by using the experimentally determined mortality rates as part of the stock-recruitment relationship. We then use an ecological-economic optimization model, to explore the potential effect of rising CO(2) concentration on ecological (stock size), economic (profits), consumer-related (harvest) and social (employment) indicators, with scenarios ranging from present day conditions up to extreme acidification. Under the assumptions of our model, yields and profits could largely be maintained under moderate OA by adapting future fishing mortality (and related effort) to changes owing to altered pH. This adaptation comes at the costs of reduced stock size and employment, however. Explicitly visualizing these ecological, economic and social tradeoffs will help in defining realistic future objectives. Our results can be generalized to any stressor (or stressor combination), which is decreasing recruitment success. The main findings of an aggravation of trade-offs will remain valid. This seems to be of special relevance for coastal stocks with limited options for migration to avoid unfavorable future conditions and subsequently for coastal fisheries, which are often small scale local fisheries with limited operational ranges. Public Library of Science 2015-03-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4363370/ /pubmed/25780914 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120376 Text en © 2015 Voss et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Voss, Rudi Quaas, Martin F. Schmidt, Jörn O. Kapaun, Ute Ocean Acidification May Aggravate Social-Ecological Trade-Offs in Coastal Fisheries |
title | Ocean Acidification May Aggravate Social-Ecological Trade-Offs in Coastal Fisheries |
title_full | Ocean Acidification May Aggravate Social-Ecological Trade-Offs in Coastal Fisheries |
title_fullStr | Ocean Acidification May Aggravate Social-Ecological Trade-Offs in Coastal Fisheries |
title_full_unstemmed | Ocean Acidification May Aggravate Social-Ecological Trade-Offs in Coastal Fisheries |
title_short | Ocean Acidification May Aggravate Social-Ecological Trade-Offs in Coastal Fisheries |
title_sort | ocean acidification may aggravate social-ecological trade-offs in coastal fisheries |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4363370/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25780914 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120376 |
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