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Effect of Heterogeneous Investments on the Evolution of Cooperation in Spatial Public Goods Game

Understanding the emergence of cooperation in spatial public goods game remains a grand challenge across disciplines. In most previous studies, it is assumed that the investments of all the cooperators are identical, and often equal to 1. However, it is worth mentioning that players are diverse and...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Huang, Keke, Wang, Tao, Cheng, Yuan, Zheng, Xiaoping
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4363493/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25781345
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120317
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author Huang, Keke
Wang, Tao
Cheng, Yuan
Zheng, Xiaoping
author_facet Huang, Keke
Wang, Tao
Cheng, Yuan
Zheng, Xiaoping
author_sort Huang, Keke
collection PubMed
description Understanding the emergence of cooperation in spatial public goods game remains a grand challenge across disciplines. In most previous studies, it is assumed that the investments of all the cooperators are identical, and often equal to 1. However, it is worth mentioning that players are diverse and heterogeneous when choosing actions in the rapidly developing modern society and researchers have shown more interest to the heterogeneity of players recently. For modeling the heterogeneous players without loss of generality, it is assumed in this work that the investment of a cooperator is a random variable with uniform distribution, the mean value of which is equal to 1. The results of extensive numerical simulations convincingly indicate that heterogeneous investments can promote cooperation. Specifically, a large value of the variance of the random variable can decrease the two critical values for the result of behavioral evolution effectively. Moreover, the larger the variance is, the better the promotion effect will be. In addition, this article has discussed the impact of heterogeneous investments when the coevolution of both strategy and investment is taken into account. Comparing the promotion effect of coevolution of strategy and investment with that of strategy imitation only, we can conclude that the coevolution of strategy and investment decreases the asymptotic fraction of cooperators by weakening the heterogeneity of investments, which further demonstrates that heterogeneous investments can promote cooperation in spatial public goods game.
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spelling pubmed-43634932015-03-23 Effect of Heterogeneous Investments on the Evolution of Cooperation in Spatial Public Goods Game Huang, Keke Wang, Tao Cheng, Yuan Zheng, Xiaoping PLoS One Research Article Understanding the emergence of cooperation in spatial public goods game remains a grand challenge across disciplines. In most previous studies, it is assumed that the investments of all the cooperators are identical, and often equal to 1. However, it is worth mentioning that players are diverse and heterogeneous when choosing actions in the rapidly developing modern society and researchers have shown more interest to the heterogeneity of players recently. For modeling the heterogeneous players without loss of generality, it is assumed in this work that the investment of a cooperator is a random variable with uniform distribution, the mean value of which is equal to 1. The results of extensive numerical simulations convincingly indicate that heterogeneous investments can promote cooperation. Specifically, a large value of the variance of the random variable can decrease the two critical values for the result of behavioral evolution effectively. Moreover, the larger the variance is, the better the promotion effect will be. In addition, this article has discussed the impact of heterogeneous investments when the coevolution of both strategy and investment is taken into account. Comparing the promotion effect of coevolution of strategy and investment with that of strategy imitation only, we can conclude that the coevolution of strategy and investment decreases the asymptotic fraction of cooperators by weakening the heterogeneity of investments, which further demonstrates that heterogeneous investments can promote cooperation in spatial public goods game. Public Library of Science 2015-03-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4363493/ /pubmed/25781345 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120317 Text en © 2015 Huang et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Huang, Keke
Wang, Tao
Cheng, Yuan
Zheng, Xiaoping
Effect of Heterogeneous Investments on the Evolution of Cooperation in Spatial Public Goods Game
title Effect of Heterogeneous Investments on the Evolution of Cooperation in Spatial Public Goods Game
title_full Effect of Heterogeneous Investments on the Evolution of Cooperation in Spatial Public Goods Game
title_fullStr Effect of Heterogeneous Investments on the Evolution of Cooperation in Spatial Public Goods Game
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Heterogeneous Investments on the Evolution of Cooperation in Spatial Public Goods Game
title_short Effect of Heterogeneous Investments on the Evolution of Cooperation in Spatial Public Goods Game
title_sort effect of heterogeneous investments on the evolution of cooperation in spatial public goods game
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4363493/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25781345
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120317
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