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Elevated levels of antibodies against xenobiotics in a subgroup of healthy subjects
In spite of numerous research efforts, the exact etiology of autoimmune diseases remains largely unknown. Genetics and environmental factors, including xenobiotics, are believed to be involved in the induction of autoimmune disease. Some environmental chemicals, acting as haptens, can bind to a high...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BlackWell Publishing Ltd
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4365752/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25042713 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jat.3031 |
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author | Vojdani, Aristo Kharrazian, Datis Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi |
author_facet | Vojdani, Aristo Kharrazian, Datis Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi |
author_sort | Vojdani, Aristo |
collection | PubMed |
description | In spite of numerous research efforts, the exact etiology of autoimmune diseases remains largely unknown. Genetics and environmental factors, including xenobiotics, are believed to be involved in the induction of autoimmune disease. Some environmental chemicals, acting as haptens, can bind to a high-molecular-weight carrier protein such as human serum albumin (HSA), causing the immune system to misidentify self-tissue as an invader and launch an immune response against it, leading to autoimmunity. This study aimed to examine the percentage of blood samples from healthy donors in which chemical agents mounted immune challenges and produced antibodies against HSA-bound chemicals. The levels of specific antibodies against 12 different chemicals bound to HSA were measured by ELISA in serum from 400 blood donors. We found that 10% (IgG) and 17% (IgM) of tested individuals showed significant antibody elevation against aflatoxin-HSA adduct. The percentage of elevation against the other 11 chemicals ranged from 8% to 22% (IgG) and 13% to 18% (IgM). Performance of serial dilution and inhibition of the chemical–antibody reaction by specific antigens but not by non-specific antigens were indicative of the specificity of these antibodies. Although we lack information about chemical exposure in the tested individuals, detection of antibodies against various protein adducts may indicate chronic exposure to these chemical haptens in about 20% of the tested individuals. Currently the pathological significance of these antibodies in human blood is still unclear, and this protein adduct formation could be one of the mechanisms by which environmental chemicals induce autoimmune reactivity in a significant percentage of the population. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4365752 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | BlackWell Publishing Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43657522015-03-23 Elevated levels of antibodies against xenobiotics in a subgroup of healthy subjects Vojdani, Aristo Kharrazian, Datis Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi J Appl Toxicol Research Articles In spite of numerous research efforts, the exact etiology of autoimmune diseases remains largely unknown. Genetics and environmental factors, including xenobiotics, are believed to be involved in the induction of autoimmune disease. Some environmental chemicals, acting as haptens, can bind to a high-molecular-weight carrier protein such as human serum albumin (HSA), causing the immune system to misidentify self-tissue as an invader and launch an immune response against it, leading to autoimmunity. This study aimed to examine the percentage of blood samples from healthy donors in which chemical agents mounted immune challenges and produced antibodies against HSA-bound chemicals. The levels of specific antibodies against 12 different chemicals bound to HSA were measured by ELISA in serum from 400 blood donors. We found that 10% (IgG) and 17% (IgM) of tested individuals showed significant antibody elevation against aflatoxin-HSA adduct. The percentage of elevation against the other 11 chemicals ranged from 8% to 22% (IgG) and 13% to 18% (IgM). Performance of serial dilution and inhibition of the chemical–antibody reaction by specific antigens but not by non-specific antigens were indicative of the specificity of these antibodies. Although we lack information about chemical exposure in the tested individuals, detection of antibodies against various protein adducts may indicate chronic exposure to these chemical haptens in about 20% of the tested individuals. Currently the pathological significance of these antibodies in human blood is still unclear, and this protein adduct formation could be one of the mechanisms by which environmental chemicals induce autoimmune reactivity in a significant percentage of the population. BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2015-04 2014-07-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4365752/ /pubmed/25042713 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jat.3031 Text en Copyright © 2014. The Authors. Journal of Applied Toxicology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Vojdani, Aristo Kharrazian, Datis Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi Elevated levels of antibodies against xenobiotics in a subgroup of healthy subjects |
title | Elevated levels of antibodies against xenobiotics in a subgroup of healthy subjects |
title_full | Elevated levels of antibodies against xenobiotics in a subgroup of healthy subjects |
title_fullStr | Elevated levels of antibodies against xenobiotics in a subgroup of healthy subjects |
title_full_unstemmed | Elevated levels of antibodies against xenobiotics in a subgroup of healthy subjects |
title_short | Elevated levels of antibodies against xenobiotics in a subgroup of healthy subjects |
title_sort | elevated levels of antibodies against xenobiotics in a subgroup of healthy subjects |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4365752/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25042713 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jat.3031 |
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