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The pathophysiology of intestinal lipoprotein production

Intestinal lipoprotein production is a multistep process, essential for the absorption of dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins. Chylomicron assembly begins in the endoplasmic reticulum with the formation of primordial, phospholipids-rich particles that are then transported to the Golgi for secretio...

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Autores principales: Giammanco, Antonina, Cefalù, Angelo B., Noto, Davide, Averna, Maurizio R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4367171/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25852563
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2015.00061
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author Giammanco, Antonina
Cefalù, Angelo B.
Noto, Davide
Averna, Maurizio R.
author_facet Giammanco, Antonina
Cefalù, Angelo B.
Noto, Davide
Averna, Maurizio R.
author_sort Giammanco, Antonina
collection PubMed
description Intestinal lipoprotein production is a multistep process, essential for the absorption of dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins. Chylomicron assembly begins in the endoplasmic reticulum with the formation of primordial, phospholipids-rich particles that are then transported to the Golgi for secretion. Several classes of transporters play a role in the selective uptake and/or export of lipids through the villus enterocytes. Once secreted in the lymph stream, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) are metabolized by Lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols of very low density lipoproteins (VLDLs) and chylomicrons, thereby delivering free fatty acids to various tissues. Genetic mutations in the genes codifying for these proteins are responsible of different inherited disorders affecting chylomicron metabolism. This review focuses on the molecular pathways that modulate the uptake and the transport of lipoproteins of intestinal origin and it will highlight recent findings on TRLs assembly.
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spelling pubmed-43671712015-04-07 The pathophysiology of intestinal lipoprotein production Giammanco, Antonina Cefalù, Angelo B. Noto, Davide Averna, Maurizio R. Front Physiol Physiology Intestinal lipoprotein production is a multistep process, essential for the absorption of dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins. Chylomicron assembly begins in the endoplasmic reticulum with the formation of primordial, phospholipids-rich particles that are then transported to the Golgi for secretion. Several classes of transporters play a role in the selective uptake and/or export of lipids through the villus enterocytes. Once secreted in the lymph stream, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) are metabolized by Lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols of very low density lipoproteins (VLDLs) and chylomicrons, thereby delivering free fatty acids to various tissues. Genetic mutations in the genes codifying for these proteins are responsible of different inherited disorders affecting chylomicron metabolism. This review focuses on the molecular pathways that modulate the uptake and the transport of lipoproteins of intestinal origin and it will highlight recent findings on TRLs assembly. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-03-20 /pmc/articles/PMC4367171/ /pubmed/25852563 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2015.00061 Text en Copyright © 2015 Giammanco, Cefalù, Noto and Averna. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Giammanco, Antonina
Cefalù, Angelo B.
Noto, Davide
Averna, Maurizio R.
The pathophysiology of intestinal lipoprotein production
title The pathophysiology of intestinal lipoprotein production
title_full The pathophysiology of intestinal lipoprotein production
title_fullStr The pathophysiology of intestinal lipoprotein production
title_full_unstemmed The pathophysiology of intestinal lipoprotein production
title_short The pathophysiology of intestinal lipoprotein production
title_sort pathophysiology of intestinal lipoprotein production
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4367171/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25852563
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2015.00061
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