Cooling Reduces cAMP-Stimulated Exocytosis and Adiponectin Secretion at a Ca(2+)-Dependent Step in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

We investigated the effects of temperature on white adipocyte exocytosis (measured as increase in membrane capacitance) and short-term adiponectin secretion with the aim to elucidate mechanisms important in regulation of white adipocyte stimulus-secretion coupling. Exocytosis stimulated by cAMP (included in the pipette solution together with 3 mM ATP) in the absence of Ca(2+) (10 mM intracellular EGTA) was equal at all investigated temperatures (23°C, 27°C, 32°C and 37°C). However, the augmentation of exocytosis induced by an elevation of the free cytosolic [Ca(2+)] to ~1.5 μM (9 mM Ca(2+) + 10 mM EGTA) was potent at 32°C or 37°C but less distinct at 27°C and abolished at 23°C. Adiponectin secretion stimulated by 30 min incubations with the membrane permeable cAMP analogue 8-Br-cAMP (1 mM) or a combination of 10 μM forskolin and 200 μM IBMX was unaffected by a reduction of temperature from 32°C to 23°C. At 32°C, cAMP-stimulated secretion was 2-fold amplified by inclusion of the Ca(2+) ionophore ionomycin (1μM), an effect that was not observed at 23°C. We suggest that cooling affects adipocyte exocytosis/adiponectin secretion at a Ca(2+)-dependent step, likely involving ATP-dependent processes, important for augmentation of cAMP-stimulated adiponectin release.