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Highly diversified fungi are associated with the achlorophyllous orchid Gastrodia flavilabella
BACKGROUND: Mycoheterotrophic orchids are achlorophyllous plants that obtain carbon and nutrients from their mycorrhizal fungi. They often show strong preferential association with certain fungi and may obtain nutrients from surrounding photosynthetic plants through ectomycorrhizal fungi. Gastrodia...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4371811/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25886817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1422-7 |
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author | Liu, Tsunglin Li, Ching-Min Han, Yue-Lun Chiang, Tzen-Yuh Chiang, Yu-Chung Sung, Huang-Mo |
author_facet | Liu, Tsunglin Li, Ching-Min Han, Yue-Lun Chiang, Tzen-Yuh Chiang, Yu-Chung Sung, Huang-Mo |
author_sort | Liu, Tsunglin |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Mycoheterotrophic orchids are achlorophyllous plants that obtain carbon and nutrients from their mycorrhizal fungi. They often show strong preferential association with certain fungi and may obtain nutrients from surrounding photosynthetic plants through ectomycorrhizal fungi. Gastrodia is a large genus of mycoheterotrophic orchids in Asia, but Gastrodia species’ association with fungi has not been well studied. We asked two questions: (1) whether certain fungi were preferentially associated with G. flavilabella, which is an orchid in Taiwan and (2) whether fungal associations of G. flavilabella were affected by the composition of fungi in the environment. RESULTS: Using next-generation sequencing, we studied the fungal communities in the tubers of Gastrodia flavilabella and the surrounding soil. We found (1) highly diversified fungi in the G. flavilabella tubers, (2) that Mycena species were the predominant fungi in the tubers but minor in the surrounding soil, and (3) the fungal communities in the G. flavilabella tubers were clearly distinct from those in the surrounding soil. We also found that the fungal composition in soil can change quickly with distance. CONCLUSIONS: G. flavilabella was associated with many more fungi than previously thought. Among the fungi in the tuber of G. flavilabella, Mycena species were predominant, different from the previous finding that adult G. elata depends on Armillaria species for nutritional supply. Moreover, the preferential fungus association of G. flavilabella was not significantly influenced by the composition of fungi in the environment. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1422-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4371811 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43718112015-03-25 Highly diversified fungi are associated with the achlorophyllous orchid Gastrodia flavilabella Liu, Tsunglin Li, Ching-Min Han, Yue-Lun Chiang, Tzen-Yuh Chiang, Yu-Chung Sung, Huang-Mo BMC Genomics Research Article BACKGROUND: Mycoheterotrophic orchids are achlorophyllous plants that obtain carbon and nutrients from their mycorrhizal fungi. They often show strong preferential association with certain fungi and may obtain nutrients from surrounding photosynthetic plants through ectomycorrhizal fungi. Gastrodia is a large genus of mycoheterotrophic orchids in Asia, but Gastrodia species’ association with fungi has not been well studied. We asked two questions: (1) whether certain fungi were preferentially associated with G. flavilabella, which is an orchid in Taiwan and (2) whether fungal associations of G. flavilabella were affected by the composition of fungi in the environment. RESULTS: Using next-generation sequencing, we studied the fungal communities in the tubers of Gastrodia flavilabella and the surrounding soil. We found (1) highly diversified fungi in the G. flavilabella tubers, (2) that Mycena species were the predominant fungi in the tubers but minor in the surrounding soil, and (3) the fungal communities in the G. flavilabella tubers were clearly distinct from those in the surrounding soil. We also found that the fungal composition in soil can change quickly with distance. CONCLUSIONS: G. flavilabella was associated with many more fungi than previously thought. Among the fungi in the tuber of G. flavilabella, Mycena species were predominant, different from the previous finding that adult G. elata depends on Armillaria species for nutritional supply. Moreover, the preferential fungus association of G. flavilabella was not significantly influenced by the composition of fungi in the environment. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1422-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2015-03-14 /pmc/articles/PMC4371811/ /pubmed/25886817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1422-7 Text en © Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Liu, Tsunglin Li, Ching-Min Han, Yue-Lun Chiang, Tzen-Yuh Chiang, Yu-Chung Sung, Huang-Mo Highly diversified fungi are associated with the achlorophyllous orchid Gastrodia flavilabella |
title | Highly diversified fungi are associated with the achlorophyllous orchid Gastrodia flavilabella |
title_full | Highly diversified fungi are associated with the achlorophyllous orchid Gastrodia flavilabella |
title_fullStr | Highly diversified fungi are associated with the achlorophyllous orchid Gastrodia flavilabella |
title_full_unstemmed | Highly diversified fungi are associated with the achlorophyllous orchid Gastrodia flavilabella |
title_short | Highly diversified fungi are associated with the achlorophyllous orchid Gastrodia flavilabella |
title_sort | highly diversified fungi are associated with the achlorophyllous orchid gastrodia flavilabella |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4371811/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25886817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1422-7 |
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