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Amelotin: an enamel matrix protein that experienced distinct evolutionary histories in amphibians, sauropsids and mammals
BACKGROUND: Amelotin (AMTN) is an ameloblast-secreted protein that belongs to the secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein (SCPP) family, which originated in early vertebrates. In rodents, AMTN is expressed during the maturation stage of amelogenesis only. This expression pattern strongly differs fr...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4373244/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25884299 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-015-0329-x |
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author | Gasse, Barbara Chiari, Ylenia Silvent, Jérémie Davit-Béal, Tiphaine Sire, Jean-Yves |
author_facet | Gasse, Barbara Chiari, Ylenia Silvent, Jérémie Davit-Béal, Tiphaine Sire, Jean-Yves |
author_sort | Gasse, Barbara |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Amelotin (AMTN) is an ameloblast-secreted protein that belongs to the secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein (SCPP) family, which originated in early vertebrates. In rodents, AMTN is expressed during the maturation stage of amelogenesis only. This expression pattern strongly differs from the spatiotemporal expression of other ameloblast-secreted SCPPs, such as the enamel matrix proteins (EMPs). Furthermore, AMTN was characterized in rodents only. In this study, we applied various approaches, including in silico screening of databases, PCRs and transcriptome sequencing to characterize AMTN sequences in sauropsids and amphibians, and compared them to available mammalian and coelacanth sequences. RESULTS: We showed that (i) AMTN is tooth (enamel) specific and underwent pseudogenization in toothless turtles and birds, and (ii) the AMTN structure changed during tetrapod evolution. To infer AMTN function, we studied spatiotemporal expression of AMTN during amelogenesis in a salamander and a lizard, and compared the results with available expression data from mouse. We found that AMTN is expressed throughout amelogenesis in non-mammalian tetrapods, in contrast to its expression limited to enamel maturation in rodents. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together our findings suggest that AMTN was primarily an EMP. Its functions were conserved in amphibians and sauropsids while a change occurred early in the mammalian lineage, modifying its expression pattern during amelogenesis and its gene structure. These changes likely led to a partial loss of AMTN function and could have a link with the emergence of prismatic enamel in mammals. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0329-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4373244 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43732442015-03-26 Amelotin: an enamel matrix protein that experienced distinct evolutionary histories in amphibians, sauropsids and mammals Gasse, Barbara Chiari, Ylenia Silvent, Jérémie Davit-Béal, Tiphaine Sire, Jean-Yves BMC Evol Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Amelotin (AMTN) is an ameloblast-secreted protein that belongs to the secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein (SCPP) family, which originated in early vertebrates. In rodents, AMTN is expressed during the maturation stage of amelogenesis only. This expression pattern strongly differs from the spatiotemporal expression of other ameloblast-secreted SCPPs, such as the enamel matrix proteins (EMPs). Furthermore, AMTN was characterized in rodents only. In this study, we applied various approaches, including in silico screening of databases, PCRs and transcriptome sequencing to characterize AMTN sequences in sauropsids and amphibians, and compared them to available mammalian and coelacanth sequences. RESULTS: We showed that (i) AMTN is tooth (enamel) specific and underwent pseudogenization in toothless turtles and birds, and (ii) the AMTN structure changed during tetrapod evolution. To infer AMTN function, we studied spatiotemporal expression of AMTN during amelogenesis in a salamander and a lizard, and compared the results with available expression data from mouse. We found that AMTN is expressed throughout amelogenesis in non-mammalian tetrapods, in contrast to its expression limited to enamel maturation in rodents. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together our findings suggest that AMTN was primarily an EMP. Its functions were conserved in amphibians and sauropsids while a change occurred early in the mammalian lineage, modifying its expression pattern during amelogenesis and its gene structure. These changes likely led to a partial loss of AMTN function and could have a link with the emergence of prismatic enamel in mammals. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0329-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2015-03-14 /pmc/articles/PMC4373244/ /pubmed/25884299 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-015-0329-x Text en © Gasse et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Gasse, Barbara Chiari, Ylenia Silvent, Jérémie Davit-Béal, Tiphaine Sire, Jean-Yves Amelotin: an enamel matrix protein that experienced distinct evolutionary histories in amphibians, sauropsids and mammals |
title | Amelotin: an enamel matrix protein that experienced distinct evolutionary histories in amphibians, sauropsids and mammals |
title_full | Amelotin: an enamel matrix protein that experienced distinct evolutionary histories in amphibians, sauropsids and mammals |
title_fullStr | Amelotin: an enamel matrix protein that experienced distinct evolutionary histories in amphibians, sauropsids and mammals |
title_full_unstemmed | Amelotin: an enamel matrix protein that experienced distinct evolutionary histories in amphibians, sauropsids and mammals |
title_short | Amelotin: an enamel matrix protein that experienced distinct evolutionary histories in amphibians, sauropsids and mammals |
title_sort | amelotin: an enamel matrix protein that experienced distinct evolutionary histories in amphibians, sauropsids and mammals |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4373244/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25884299 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-015-0329-x |
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