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Pathological periodontal pockets are associated with raised diastolic blood pressure in obese adolescents

BACKGROUND: Obesity, a well-known risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), is associated with chronic periodontitis in adults. This cross-sectional pilot study on obese adolescents was designed to investigate whether periodontal disease in terms of pathological periodontal pockets is...

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Autores principales: Zeigler, Cecilia C, Wondimu, Biniyam, Marcus, Claude, Modéer, Thomas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4373518/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25884594
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-015-0026-6
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author Zeigler, Cecilia C
Wondimu, Biniyam
Marcus, Claude
Modéer, Thomas
author_facet Zeigler, Cecilia C
Wondimu, Biniyam
Marcus, Claude
Modéer, Thomas
author_sort Zeigler, Cecilia C
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Obesity, a well-known risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), is associated with chronic periodontitis in adults. This cross-sectional pilot study on obese adolescents was designed to investigate whether periodontal disease in terms of pathological periodontal pockets is associated with raised blood pressure and other risk markers for CVD. METHODS: The study included 75 obese subjects between 12 to 18 years of age, mean 14.5. Subjects answered a questionnaire regarding health, oral hygiene habits and sociodemographic factors. A clinical examination included Visible Plaque Index (VPI %), Gingival inflammation (BOP %) and the occurrence of pathological pockets exceeding 4 mm (PD ≥ 4 mm). Blood serum were collected and analyzed. The systolic and diastolic blood pressures were registered. RESULTS: Adolescents with pathological periodontal pockets (PD ≥ 4 mm; n = 14) had significantly higher BOP >25% (P = 0.002), higher diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.008), higher levels of Interleukin (IL)-6 (P < 0.001), Leptin (P = 0.018), Macrophage Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) (P = 0.049) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (P = 0.004) in blood serum compared with subjects without pathological periodontal pockets (PD ≥ 4 mm; n = 61). The bivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that PD ≥ 4 mm (P = 0.008) and systolic blood pressure (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with the dependent variable “diastolic blood pressure”. The association between PD ≥ 4 mm and diastolic blood pressure remained significant (P = 0.006) even after adjusting for potential confounders BMI-sds, age, gender, mother’s country of birth, BOP >25%, IL-6, IL-8, Leptin, MCP-1, TSH and total cholesterol in the multiple regression analysis. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study indicates an association between pathological periodontal pockets and diastolic blood pressure in obese adolescents. The association was unaffected by other risk markers for cardiovascular events or periodontal disease. The results call for collaboration between pediatric dentists and medical physicians in preventing obesity development and its associated disorders.
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spelling pubmed-43735182015-03-26 Pathological periodontal pockets are associated with raised diastolic blood pressure in obese adolescents Zeigler, Cecilia C Wondimu, Biniyam Marcus, Claude Modéer, Thomas BMC Oral Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Obesity, a well-known risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), is associated with chronic periodontitis in adults. This cross-sectional pilot study on obese adolescents was designed to investigate whether periodontal disease in terms of pathological periodontal pockets is associated with raised blood pressure and other risk markers for CVD. METHODS: The study included 75 obese subjects between 12 to 18 years of age, mean 14.5. Subjects answered a questionnaire regarding health, oral hygiene habits and sociodemographic factors. A clinical examination included Visible Plaque Index (VPI %), Gingival inflammation (BOP %) and the occurrence of pathological pockets exceeding 4 mm (PD ≥ 4 mm). Blood serum were collected and analyzed. The systolic and diastolic blood pressures were registered. RESULTS: Adolescents with pathological periodontal pockets (PD ≥ 4 mm; n = 14) had significantly higher BOP >25% (P = 0.002), higher diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.008), higher levels of Interleukin (IL)-6 (P < 0.001), Leptin (P = 0.018), Macrophage Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) (P = 0.049) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (P = 0.004) in blood serum compared with subjects without pathological periodontal pockets (PD ≥ 4 mm; n = 61). The bivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that PD ≥ 4 mm (P = 0.008) and systolic blood pressure (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with the dependent variable “diastolic blood pressure”. The association between PD ≥ 4 mm and diastolic blood pressure remained significant (P = 0.006) even after adjusting for potential confounders BMI-sds, age, gender, mother’s country of birth, BOP >25%, IL-6, IL-8, Leptin, MCP-1, TSH and total cholesterol in the multiple regression analysis. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study indicates an association between pathological periodontal pockets and diastolic blood pressure in obese adolescents. The association was unaffected by other risk markers for cardiovascular events or periodontal disease. The results call for collaboration between pediatric dentists and medical physicians in preventing obesity development and its associated disorders. BioMed Central 2015-03-24 /pmc/articles/PMC4373518/ /pubmed/25884594 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-015-0026-6 Text en © Zeigler et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Zeigler, Cecilia C
Wondimu, Biniyam
Marcus, Claude
Modéer, Thomas
Pathological periodontal pockets are associated with raised diastolic blood pressure in obese adolescents
title Pathological periodontal pockets are associated with raised diastolic blood pressure in obese adolescents
title_full Pathological periodontal pockets are associated with raised diastolic blood pressure in obese adolescents
title_fullStr Pathological periodontal pockets are associated with raised diastolic blood pressure in obese adolescents
title_full_unstemmed Pathological periodontal pockets are associated with raised diastolic blood pressure in obese adolescents
title_short Pathological periodontal pockets are associated with raised diastolic blood pressure in obese adolescents
title_sort pathological periodontal pockets are associated with raised diastolic blood pressure in obese adolescents
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4373518/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25884594
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-015-0026-6
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