Oxidative Damage Markers Are Significantly Associated with the Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness after Controlling for Conventional Risk Factors of Atherosclerosis in Men

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the association between oxidative damage markers and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) after controlling for conventional risk factors of atherosclerosis in multiple logistic regression models. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Fifty-one case male participants (CIMT ≥ 0.9 mm) were enrolled during their visits to Korean Genomic Rural Cohort Study of Wonju centers between May 1 and August 31, 2011, along with 51 control participants (CIMT < 0.9 mm) selected using frequency matching by age group. The levels of oxidative damage markers, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyquuanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (Isoprostane), were measured. Conditional logistic regression models were used to evaluate relative relationships between the oxidative damage markers and the risk of high CIMT. RESULTS: The markers of oxidative lipid (Isoprostane and MDA) and DNA (8-OHdG) damage were associated with CIMT after controlling for the conventional risk factors, including age, low density lipoprotein, body mass index, smoking history, alcohol consumption, and metabolic syndrome (ORs [95% CI] for Isoprostane: 3(rd) tertile, 8.47 [2.59-27.67]; for MDA: 3(rd) tertile, 8.47 [2.59-27.67]; for 8-OHdG: 3(rd) tertile, 5.58 [1.79-17.33]). When all the oxidative damage markers were incorporated in the same logistic regression model, only Isoprostanewas significantly related to CIMT (OR [95% CI]: 4.22 [1.31-13.53] in 2(nd) tertile and 14.21 [3.34-60.56] in 3(rd) tertile). CONCLUSIONS: In this nested case-control study, the oxidative damage markers of lipid and DNA were associated with CIMT even after controlling for the conventional risk factors of cardiovascular diseases.